A Study On The Narrative Ethics Of Family Education Documentaries

Just as Bazin’s exploration of the essence of video art,"photographic image is identical with the subject in objective reality,its uniqueness lies in its essential objectivity,and its aesthetic characteristic lies in revealing the truth".Objective and true recording and the function of reflecting reality are deeply embedded in the genes of film from the very beginning.Both Lumiere brothers,the originators of film "realism" aesthetics,and Meriai,the originators of "formalism" aesthetics,started their use of film media from recording devices.As a tool to reflect objective reality,filmmakers will have different positions and attitudes when choosing to present a thing or object.It is necessary to deal with the relationship between the filmmaker,the subject and the viewer of the documentary.Therefore,as a director,they should abide by the objective and true characteristics of the camera.But on the other hand,they should have ethical responsibilities for the rights and interests of the subjects they choose to exercise.Even documentary images,due to the existence of camera location,editing and other factors,will cover intentional or inadvertent,direct or indirect ethical orientation.Family education documentary is a kind of TV program with the theme of recording and showing family education.It usually adopts scientific and systematic creative methods,such as investigation,interview,field observation,etc.,to discuss and analyze the history,culture,society and psychology of family education.It has a certain reference value to convey correct family education concepts,methods and skills to the audience.As Jia Leilei said,"If we want to trace the ethical issues of the film,we have to start from the constituent elements of the film and start from the narrative mode of the film.On this basis,documentary is also applicable.The choice of narrative perspective,narrative language and narrative structure of family education documentaries ultimately presents the most essential ethical thinking about education.Family education documentaries are not only full of ethical implications of family education methods,in addition,due to the particularity of the spatial level of the shooting of family education documentaries,the control of ethical scale also runs through the actual planning,shooting and editing.The choice of narrative perspective of family education documentaries covers the director’s ethical value orientation.In the face of the ethical space of "home",both "outsider" and "insider" perspectives have shortcomings.The insider’s perspective will lose the creator’s control over the external world,while the outsider’s perspective cannot fully enter the inner world of the characters.The narrative language of documentary,such as sound effect,modeling and lens selection,will image the ethical expression of family education documentary creators.The choice of block narrative,center series and multi-linear narrative structure is not only the essence left by the modernization of film language in the 1980 s,but also the collective ethical reflection of the whole era under the perspective of ethical criticism.This paper is divided into six chapters.In the introduction part,the background,value and significance of the topic are introduced.On this basis,by reading and summarizing the literature on two topics related to the content of this paper,such as "educational documentaries" and "narrative ethics of documentaries",a literature review with many benefits for the writing of this graduation thesis is obtained.In the first chapter of the text,the author firstly introduces the definition,characteristics and creation status at home and abroad of the object of writing,namely "family education documentary",and introduces the definition,origin and development of the theory used in this paper--narrative ethics,and expounds its application and research in China.The second chapter mainly expounds the ethical direction produced by the choice of narrative perspective in documentary shooting.The third chapter discusses from the perspective that the choice of narrative language in documentary shooting will have different influences on the expression of documentary ethical consciousness.The soundtrack,commentary and dialogue in sound narration are selected respectively.Long shot and close-up shot in video narration;In the chapter of narrative rhythm,the author analyzes the different effects of the ethical consciousness expression of internal psychological rhythm and external montage narrative rhythm on educational ethics.In Chapter four,three different narrative structures are selected to analyze how to carry the presentation of ethical implications.For example,the block narrative is conducive to the presentation of difficult ethical issues in the documentary,and the central series theme is suitable for diluting the trivial details in the documentary,so as to achieve the purpose of establishing effective information exchange with the audience and sublimating the theme and ethical connotation.The multi-linear narrative structure helps to more objectively and comprehensively show the different growth paths generated by different education methods,so as to convey a more open and inclusive education concept.The fifth chapter summarizes the central theme of the whole paper,and believes that the creators of family education documentaries should be more careful in the choice of narrative perspective,narrative language,narrative structure and other aspects,so as not to fall into the dilemma of narrative ethics.Family education documentaries show certain ethical particularity at the narrative level.Therefore,in the last chapter,this paper makes the following reflections on the narrative ethics of family education documentaries,that is,it is necessary to avoid the ethical propaganda color of "theme first",avoid the ethical dilemma caused by the narrative position,and construct rational ethical consciousness.