Study Of Modal Words Commonly Used In The Han Dynasty

The Han period was an important stage for the development of modal words.This paper supplemented the study of modal words in this period based on various unearthed documents and handed down documents.Among which,the handed down documents include political literature:Shuo Yuan;Yan Tie Lun;Lun Heng;Qian Fu Lun,medical literature:Jin Kui Yao Lve;Shang Han Lun,and mathematical literature:Zhou Bi Suanjing.The unearthed documents of the same time are applied documents,Dunhuang Han slips;Juyan Han slips;Juyan New slips;Changsha Dongpailou Han slips;and Yinwan Han slips contain legal documents,private letters,bookkeeping,postal signs,Han Fu and other contents.Zhangjiashan Han slips is the legal document,Wuwei Han Dynasty Medical slips is the medical book,Kongjiapo Han slips is the daily book.The language styles of each literature are different,and the use of mood words is different,which has strong comparative research value.The introduction section first discusses the related issues of tone and modal words,including the judgment criteria of tone,the conceptual definition and classification of modal words.Secondly,it discusses the research status of modal words in the Han Dynasty.Finally,the reasons for the selected corpus and the content and nature of the corpus are explained.Chapter I Case Study.This chapter of unearthed documents and the commonly used mood“Ye(也)”“Yi"(矣)”“Yan(焉)”“Er(耳)”“Hu(乎)”“Zai(哉)”“Ye(耶/邪)”“Yi(已)”“Er Yi(而已)”“Zhe(者)”“Xi(兮)”“Yun(云)”“Yu(欤)”“Yi(殹)”exhaustive investigation,to statement,questions,prayer and exclamation tone for classification standard tone function analysis,combined with the syntactic location classification.The case study of modal word function includes three aspects:the description of modal word function in unearthed documents;the description of its function and the study of modal word function in the Han Dynasty.The research on the related problems is based on the plane description of the first two parts,statistical frequency and specific functions,and summarizes the temporal and duration levels.Finally,the differences of modal words in different styles within each literature are obtained,and the fluctuation of modal word function is summarized.Chapter 2:The Use of Tone Words.This chapter sorts out the phenomenon of the commonly used use of mood words in unearthed literature and handed down literature,and counts the commonly used mood word conjunction structures as follows:“Zhe Hu(者乎)”“Zhe Ye(者也)”“Zhe Ye(者邪)”“Zhe Yan(者焉)”“Zhe Yi(者矣)”“Zhe Er(者耳)”“Zhe Zai(者哉)”“Zhe Yu(者与)”“Ye Zhe(也者)”“Ye Hu(也乎)”“Ye Fu(也夫)”“Ye Zai(也哉)”“Yi Zai(矣哉)”“Yi Fu(矣夫)”“Yi Hu(矣乎)”“Er Ye(尔也)”“Hu Zai(乎哉)”“Zai Hu(哉乎)”“Wei Hu(为乎)”“Wei Zai(为哉)”“Er Yi Yi(而已矣)”“Er Yi Hu(而已乎)”“Yan Er Yi(焉尔矣)”.In this part,this section begins with an overview of the use of mood words,then the structure of the mood words is described in the plane,focusing on the analysis of the unearthed and handed down documents.Finally,the characteristics of the continuous structure of the two Han dynasties are analyzed through diachronic comparison.Chapter 3: This chapter summarizes the functional differences and development and evolution of mood words in unearthed literature and handed down literature.There are function increase,function reduction and specific differences in the use of unearthed and handed down documents.This paper holds that there are differences in the grammatical function and the grammatical function of the continuous structure of individual modal words,and the different language styles have an influence on the use of modal words.