Research On The History Of Wu State Contained In The Unearthed Documents

Wu State is an important state in the Spring and Autumn Period.Wu State began to be strong in King Shou Meng(寿梦)period,reached its heyday in King He Lv(阖闾)period,changed from prosperity to decline and eventually perished in King Fu Chai(夫差)period.Wu Chen(巫臣)sent envoys to the Wu State,the army of Wu invaded Ying,the battle of Fu Jiao,alliance of Huang Chi.These stories are familiar with people.There are many records in Zuo Zhuan(左传),Guo Yu(国语),Wu Yue Chun Qiu（吴越春秋),Yue Jue Shu(越绝书)and other handed down literatures of the pre-Qin and Han Dynasties.With the publication of unearthed literatures such as Tsinghua Bamboo Slips and Shangbo Bamboo Slips,many of them involve the history of Wu State.This paper chooses the historical events and characters of Wu State in unearthed literatures as the research object,which consists of four chapters:Chapter One discusses the study of He Lv(阖闾)’s ancestors in unearthed literatures.Mainly based on Wu Chen(巫臣)sent envoys to the Wu State,the battle of Nan Huai recorded in Tsinghua Bamboo Slips Xi Nian(系年),and the people of Yue killed Yu Ji(余祭)recorded in Ma Wang Dui silk book Chun Qiu Shi Yu(春秋事语),to analyse the questions of when the Wu State first surrendered to the Chu State,the influence of Wu Chen sent envoys to the Wu State on Wu-Yue relations,and the reason why The people of Wu obeyed Chu again contained in Tsinghua Bamboo Slips Xi Nian(系年).Chapter Two discusses the study of He Lv(阖闾)in unearthed literatures.Mainly based on Chen State,Cai State,Hu State betrayed Chu State,alliance of Zhao Ling recorded in Tsinghua Bamboo Slips Xi Nian(系年),dialogue between Fu Chai(夫差)and Zhou Royal Family,the army of Wu invaded Ying and the tomb of He Lv(阖闾)recorded in Peking Bamboo Slips Zhou Xun（周驯),"Xiao Shi Le Bing" recorded in Yin Que Shan Bamboo Slips Jian Wu Wang(见吴王),He Lv(阖闾)’s speech recorded in Zhang Jia Shan Bamboo Slips Gai Lu(盖庐)and Yin Que Shan Bamboo Slips Wu Wen(吴问),to analyse the questions of He Lv(阖闾)’s allies when invaded Ying,the people of Chu running with King Zhao,the reasons for Wu State’s withdrawal,the significances of He Lv(阖闾)invaded Ying to respect the Zhou Royal Family,Gou Jian(句践)’s attitude towards "He Lv Tomb",the reasons for the theft of "He Lv Tomb",the spread of the story of "He Lv Tomb",the image of He Lv(阖闾)and the reasons for expressing thoughts by He Lv(阖闾)in Zhang Jia Shan Bamboo Slips Gai Lu(盖庐)and Yin Que Shan Bamboo Slips Wu Wen(吴问)the spread of the story of "Xiao Shi Le Bing".Chapter Three discusses the study of Fu Chai(夫差)in unearthed literatures.Mainly based on Cai State migrated to Zhou Lai recorded in Tsinghua Bamboo Slips Xi Nian(系年),Wu State and Yue State negotiated peace and the revitalization measures of Yue State recorded in Tsinghua Bamboo Slips Yue Gong Qi Shi（越公其事),Fu Chai(夫差)detained Wei Chu Gong(卫出公)recorded in Ma Wang Dui silk book Chun Qiu Shi Yu（春秋事语),to analyse the questions of the different records of Cai State migrated to Zhou Lai and Fu Chai(夫差)detained Wei Chu Gong(卫出公),reasons for the withdrawal of Fu Chai(夫差)’s troops from Yue State,the meaning and spread of "Nan Nv Fu",the factors of "Border People" in Wu-Yue War.Chapter Four discusses the study of Wu Zixu(伍子胥)in unearthed literatures.Mainly based on Wu Zixu(伍子胥)served as Tai Zai recorded in Tsinghua Bamboo Slips Xi Nian(系年),Wu Zixu(伍子胥)is a saint recorded in Shangbo Bamboo Slips Gui Shen Zhi Ming(鬼神之明),Wu Zixu(伍子胥)’s speech recorded in Zhang Jia Shan Bamboo Slips Gai Lu(盖庐),to analyse the questions of the order of Wu Zixu(伍子胥)’s official positions in Wu State,why Wu Zixu(伍子胥)was listed as a saint,and the difference between Zhang Jia Shan Bamboo Slips Gai Lu(盖庐)and Yue Jue Shu Ji Jun Qi(越绝书·记军气).On the whole,the contents of Wu State history in the unearthed literatures of the Warring States Period are quite different from those of the handed down literatures,but the literatures unearthed in the Han Dynasty are contrary.This is due to the controversy among hundreds of schools of thought during the Warring States Period,and various ideological and academic disciplines are colorful,but when the history of Wu State was recorded in Han Dynasty,more references were made to Zuo Zhuan(左传),Guo Yu(国语),and other handed down literatures.To study Wu State history in unearthed literatures are beneficial to revising handed down literatures and studying the historical events and characters in Wu State.