| The Master Plan of Major Projects for the Protection and Restoration of Nationally Important Ecosystems(2021-2035)specifies the need to promote the overall improvement of the quality of natural ecosystems and the overall enhancement of the supply capacity of ecological products.Rock desertification is the main ecological problem in the karst region of southern China,which will lead to the gradual loss of ecosystem service functions,for which the country has carried out the karst desertification control project.Under the effect of karst desertification control project and population pressure,the village ecosystem in karst area has undergone great changes.The research on the optimization and revitalization of ecological assets of karst desertification control village ecosystem and the enhancement of ecological product supply capacity can provide basic guarantee for the realization of village ecological product value,which is of great significance to promote the revitalization of villages in karst desertification control area.According to the theories of settlement geography,ecology,economics ecosystem service value,ecological economic value,public goods,etc.,in response to the scientific problems of the lack of research on the optimization and revitalization of ecological assets of karst desertification control village ecosystems,aiming at the scientific problems of accounting for the supply capacity of ecological products and improving the supply capacity of ecological products from the perspective of ecological assets in the village ecosystem of karst desertification control.In the comprehensive management area of karst desertification on the Guizhou plateau,which represents the overall structure of karst ecological environment in southern China,the village ecosystems in the three geomorphological environments of plateau mountain,plateau basin and plateau valley were selected as the research objects.Through continuous research from 2020 to 2023,ecological assets and ecological products data collection in the study area,the methods of ecological assets comprehensive index method,market value method,equivalent factor method,gray prediction,and linear programming were applied to focus on the ecological assets and ecological products supply of village ecosystems under karst desertification control.The whole chain is designed,the main line is deployed,and the strategy of ecological product supply capacity enhancement is carried out in modules to clarify the current situation of ecological assets and ecological product supply,reveal the contribution of ecological assets to ecological product supply,explore the path of ecological assets optimization and revitalization,and propose the strategies of ecological product supply capacity enhancement.The study will provide scientific reference for the sustainable development of village ecosystems in karst desertification control.(1)The current situation of ecological assets and ecological product supply in the village ecosystems of karst desertification control was analysed.The highest composite index of ecological assets was found in the plateau mountain village ecosystem,followed by the plateau basin village ecosystem,and the lowest composite index of ecological assets was found in the plateau valley village ecosystem.The plateau basin village ecosystem has the highest eco-product supply capacity,followed by the plateau valley village ecosystem,and the plateau mountain village ecosystem has the lowest.The composite index of ecological assets shows that Luoshuidong(LSD)village ecosystem(2.62)>Shijiayakou(SJYK)village ecosystem(2.49)>Youqi(YQ)village ecosystem(2.03)>Kongluojing(KLJ)village ecosystem(1.92)>Wangjiazhai(WJZ)village ecosystem(1.39)>Chaeryan(CEY)village ecosystem(0.96);the supply capacity of ecological products shows that WJZ village ecosystem69,312.6 yuan/hm~2>YQ village ecosystem(68,529.5 yuan/hm~2),CEY village ecosystem(33,732.5 yuan/hm~2)>SJYK village ecosystem(33,732.5 yuan/hm~2)>LSD village ecosystem(28,544.1 yuan/hm~2).By using the revised equivalent factors for accounting,the results better reflect the actual situation in the study area.By clarifying the status of ecological assets and the supply capacity of ecological products,it can provide a basis for formulating reasonable strategies to improve the supply capacity of ecological products.(2)To break through the bottleneck of ecological product supply improvement from the perspective of ecological assets,the optimization and revitalization path of ecological assets of village ecosystems under karst desertification control is proposed.The village ecosystems of karst desertification control need to ensure that the area of cultivated land assets is not reduced,the quality is improved,and the multifunctional utility of cultivated land is improved,ensure that the area of shrubland assets is not reduced and the quality is improved,and improve garden construction.The results of optimizing the number of ecological assets showed that the asset area of cultivated land and shrubland remained unchanged,the area of garden assets increased,and the area of bare land assets decreased.The results of ecological asset quality optimization showed that the medium-grade arable land assets of plateau mountain village ecosystems accounted for 65%.More than 60%of the cultivated land of the ecosystem of the village in the plateau basin is poor,the total proportion of poor and intermediate cultivated land assets of the plateau valley village ecosystem is higher than 95%,and the proportion of shrubland assets with poor ecosystem quality grade of plateau mountain,basin and canyon village is higher than 60%,and the quality grade of cultivated land and shrubland should be upgraded.The optimization and revitalization of ecological assets breaks through the bottleneck of ecological product supply improvement from the perspective of ecological assets.(3)The strategy to improve the supply capacity of ecological products is proposed:influenced by the low production motivation of workers and the weak ability of farmers to resist risks,the problem of insufficient supply of material products exists in the village ecosystem of the plateau mountains under karst desertification control,and the supply capacity of material products can be improved by strengthening agricultural subsidies and improving the implementation of the agricultural insurance system.The problem of insufficient supply of regulating services exists in the village ecosystem of the karst desertification control plateau basin.The supply of regulating services can be improved by giving full play to the main role of villagers,increasing their participation in the construction of ecological environment,and determining the ecological compensation standard by taking into account the spatial differences in the supply capacity of ecological regulating services.The problem of insufficient supply of cultural services exists in the plateau valley village ecosystem.The supply of cultural services can be improved by increasing investment in tourism development and improving village infrastructure.Improving the supply capacity of ecological products in village ecosystems can improve the contradiction between people and land in karst desertification areas,and provide scientific and technological reference for the sustainable development of village ecosystems under karst desertification control. |
