On The Cognitive Object And Cognitive Methods Of Dialectics

This article attempts to proceed from the paradigm of epistemology and carefully examine the textual logic and ideological content of dialectics as epistemology.This article explores the two basic issues of dialectics as the "object of knowledge" and "way of knowledge" in the general issue of epistemology,deeply analyzes the thought of "the identity of the three" of dialectics,and explores the self unity of dialectics as the law of natural change,the law of human social development,and the law of thinking.It focuses on the philosophical works and understanding of Kant,Hegel,Marx,Engels,Lenin,and others.The cognitive problem of human reason,which is manifested in modern philosophy as the problem of epistemological philosophy,originates from the controversy between rationalism and empiricism.Starting from Hume’s thorough skepticism,Kant described the intellectuality-limited rationality as the core ability of human cognition.Here,he attributes the object of knowledge to the subject of knowledge,and believes that knowledge is to understand the phenomenon about the pure object of experience.Kant’s philosophy takes the subjectivism epistemology as the core,the complete separation of thinking and existence as the basis,and the causal law between the cognitive phenomena as the way and task of cognition.Hegel criticized this point.His thorough criticism of critical philosophy is rooted in dialectical thinking.He described the relationship between the conceptual fact as the object of knowledge and the comprehensive and free reason as the subject of knowledge,and described the development of human rational knowledge from low to high.Marx’s dialectics is directly derived from Hegel’s dialectics,and the academic circle inherits the view of Marx and Engels,and calls this transformation of dialectics "inversion".But if we don’t go back to the paradigm of epistemology to describe this reversal in order to build up the self-consistency of the theory itself,but only to describe this reversal,we are only identifying how the son and mother look different,and we simply forget that Marx’s dialectics is conceived from Hegel’s dialectics,so we need to describe the reversal of material entities over spiritual entities-that is,the reversal of the object of knowledge;Narrative thinking and existence become unified laws in thinking,and the dialectics of pure concepts are reversed into the dialectics of existence and reflection of existence become unified laws in existence,and about the actual development of the real world,and from this framework to comprehensively understand the history of material production development and social change.At the same time,with the framework of epistemological paradigm to distinguish the object of knowledge and the way of knowledge,we can understand that the purpose of distinguishing this reversal is to complete the unity of the logic of thinking and the law of existence,the epistemology of thinking that reflects the law of existence,and the world view of universal law.When the absolute free movement of Hegel’s spirit and spirit itself is canceled,epistemology will undergo earth-shaking changes.The understanding of objective existence is not to achieve the truth of things,but to achieve the investigation of the laws of material production,and to achieve a realistic and thorough revolution and social transformation.Rather,the nature of dialectics is revolutionary.At present,the philosophical nature of Marxist theory is being questioned,which is the result of the expansion of the tendency of positive philosophy to reject philosophy.The real Marxists should deal with this kind of question,and make the dialectics research into a truly comprehensive whole with scientific and comprehensive discussion and research.