Study On Adverbs Of Dialect In Lingjing Town,Tengxian County,Guangxi

Lingjing Town is located in the southwestern part of Wuzhou County,Guangxi,and the dialect of Lingjing Town belongs to the Cantonese Gouyu piece.This paper takes Lingjing town dialect adverbs as the object of study.On the basis of field survey,the three distinctive types of adverbs,namely,degree adverbs,range adverbs and modal adverbs,are co-temporally described and analyzed from the syntactic,semantic and pragmatic planes,and are compared with similar dialects,Mandarin and related historical materials in the course of the paper.In this way,the distinctive features of degree adverbs,range adverbs,and modal adverbs in Lingjing Town dialect are highlighted,providing materials and bases for further research on the hooked Cantonese adverbs and even Cantonese grammar.The paper is divided into three parts,including the introduction,the body,and the conclusion.The introductory section introduces the origin of the topic and the significance of the study,the current status of related adverbs research,the study and classification of Chinese adverbs,the scope of the study,the methodology and the sources of the corpus,and the overview of Tengxian County and Lingjing Town.The main text is divided into three chapters.The first chapter explores twelve representative absolute degree adverbs,including the transitive adverb "Shang(伤)""Tai(太)",the subordinate adverb "Wutian(无天)","Buzhi(不止)""Si(死)" "Ji(几)" "Yang(样)" "Gan(咁)" "Wuxiang(唔想)","Qi(齐)","Jiaoguan(交关)","Ji(极)",and five very advanced degree adverbial phrases.Syntactically,the adjectives and verbs are mainly modified;The words "Wuxiang(唔想)" "Qi(齐)" "Jiaoguan(交关)" and "Ji(极)" can only be used as complements,while "Si(死)"can be used as both a gerund and a complement.The rest of the six degree adverbs can only be used as gerunds.The other six degree adverbs can only be used as gerunds." Semantically,Lingjing dialect degree adverbs have a one-to-one and many-to-one relationship with Mandarin:"Shang(伤)" is equivalent to"too,too much" in Mandarin,and only in negative contexts can"Shang(伤)" be used with"too".The words"Wutian(无天)","Buzhi(不止)" and "Si(死)" are equivalent to "too,very" in Mandarin."Ji(几)" is equivalent to"how,quite","Yang(样)" and"Gan(咁)" are equivalent to"so,really","Wuxiang(唔想)","Qi(齐)","Jiaoguan(交关)" are roughly equivalent to"extremely","Ji(极)" is equivalent to"no matter......nor......".Linguistically,"Shang(伤)","Si(死)","Qi(齐)","Jiaoguan(交关)"," Ji(极)" carry strong negative emotional overtones and are often used in negative statements;When" Wutian(元天)、Buzhi(不止)" is used in evaluative statements when the subject is the second person,to have the effect of saying the opposite;"Ji(几)""Yang(样)""Gan(咁)" are commonly used in exclamatory sentences.In general,the adverbs of degree complement each other in usage.The words" Shang(伤),Jiaoguan(交关),Ji(几),Ji(极)" belong to the legacy of ancient Chinese,and individual words have developed other usages based on them.Chapter 2 explores four scope adverbs,namely the catch-all range adverb"Yitong/tong(一通/通)","Jin(尽)" and the restrictive range adverb"Gudu(孤独)""Jing(净)".Semantically," Yitong/tong(一通/通)" and" Jin(尽)" are equivalent to"All" in Mandarin,and" Gudu(孤独)" and"Jing(净)" are equivalent to" Gudu(孤独)" and "Jing(净)" in Mandarin." Gudu(孤独)" is equivalent to"only".Syntactically,all four adverbs can only be used as gerunds in the sentence.Among them," Yitong/tong(一通/通)" modifies adjectives or verbs as gerunds,while" Jin(尽)" can only modify verbal components.In most cases," Yitong/tong(一通/通)" can be interchanged with"all" in a sentence,but"Jin(尽)" cannot." Gudu(孤独)" is generally used with the verb"is" to form"孤独是",which modifies nouns or verbal components."Net" modifies nouns,adjectives and verbal phrases.In terms of usage," Yitong/Tong(一通/通)" has the widest range of contexts;" Gudu(孤独)" is less circulative and has a more argumentative tone than" Jing(净)".Chapter 3 explores the modal adverbs,namely the modal adverbs" hao sheng(好生)"," zhi cheng(治成)","la la sheng(喇喇声)",and ten modal adverbs of mood,which we classify as "Jin(紧)" adverbs.Semantically,"lalaxing" is equivalent to"hurry up" in Mandarin,"hao sheng(好生)" is equivalent to "careful",and "zhi cheng(治成)" is equivalent to"seriously,honestly".Syntactically,they have similar forms and functions in terms of their individual use,either in a single form or followed by a different tone word in a sentence.Linguistically,all three are commonly used in imperative statements.Almost every "Jin(紧)" adverb has a specific action closely associated with it,and they are semantically rich and complementary in function.The concluding section summarizes the main contents,and points out the problems and the space for further research.