Correlation Analysis Between Aortic Valve Degeneration And Carotid Atherosclerotic Plaque Stability In Elderly Patients

Objective:In this study,clinical risk factors for degenerative aortic valve disease(DAVD)and carotid plaque stability in elderly patients were analyzed to further evaluate the correlation between the two.Methods:A retrospective method was used to select 150 elderly patients(aged ≥60 years old)who were admitted to the geriatric department and cardiovascular department of our hospital from October 2021 to October 2022 for diagnosis of carotid plaque disease.General information and corresponding laboratory examination indicators such as blood biochemistry of patients were collected,and carotid color ultrasound and heart color ultrasound examinations results were colleced during the same period.According to their aortic valve function,the patients were divided into DAVD group(110 cases(73.3%)and non-DAVD group(40 cases(26.7%),and then according to the echo intensity of carotid artery ultrasound,the patients were divided into stable plaque group(55 cases(36.7%)and unstable plaque group(95 cases(63.3%).SPSS 27.0 software was used for statistical analysis of the collected clinical data.Independent sample t test,Mann-Whitney U test and chi-square test were used for statistical analysis of the two independent samples respectively.The eligible indicators were finally included in the multivariate logistic model for regression analysis.0.05 was considered statistically significant.Results:(1)The DAVD group compared with the non-DAVD group,the factors like hypertension history,TG,HDL-C,HCY,aortic root diameter,ascending aortic diameter,combined mitral valve disease,carotid artery unstable plaque and other factors were obviously different,which were statistically significant(P<0.05).And there were no significant differences in RBC,HB,TC,LDL-C,UA,maximum aortic velocity,subclavian artery disease,carotid artery stenosis and other factors between the groups,which were not statistically significant.(2)The stable plaque group compared with the unstable plaque group,the factors like high blood pressure disease,TG,HDL,LDL,HCY,aortic root diameter,ascending aortic diameter,and subclavicular artery disease were statistically significant(P<0.05),but there were no significant differences in TC,UA,RBC,HB,maximum aortic flow rate,mitral valve disease,carotid artery stenosis and other factors.(3)Multiple logistic regression analysis of risk factors for plaque stability showed that hypertension was correlated with plaque stability(R=0.38,95%CI 0.15-0.99,P=0.047),and hypertension was a risk factor for plaque stability.TG was correlated with plaque stability(OR=5.59,95%CI 2.25-13.89,P=0.000),and TG was a risk factor for plaque stability.HCY was associated with plaque stability(OR=1.26,95%CI 1.11-1.43,P=0.000),and HCY was a risk factor for plaque stability.Ascending aortic diameter was associated with plaque stability(OR=1.34,95%CI 1.17-1.55,P=0.000),and aortic diameter was a risk factor for plaque stability.(4)In the DAVD group,compared with the non-Dav D group,there were 30 cases(27.3%)of patients with carotid vascular stable plaque and 80 cases(72.8%)of patients with unstable plaque.In the non-DAVd group,there were 24 patients(60.0%)with carotid vascular stable plaque and 16 patients(40.0%)with unstable plaque.The incidence of unstable plaque was higher in the DAVD group,which was statistically significant(P< 0.05).(5)logistic regression analysis of risk factors for DAVD showed that hypertension was correlated with DAVD(OR=0.11,95%CI 0.04-0.32,P=0.000),and hypertension was a risk factor for DAVD.TG level was correlated with DAVD(OR=0.42,95%CI 0.22-0.81,P=0.009),and TG was a risk factor for DAVD.Mitral valve disease was associated with DAVD(OR=0.16,95%CI 0.05-0.47,P=0.004),which was a risk factor for DAVD.Aortic root diameter was correlated with DAVD(OR=0.74,95%CI 0.88-0.93,P=0.012),and was a risk factor for DAVD.Carotid artery unstable plaque was associated with DAVD(OR=6.14,95%CI 1.80-21.03,P=0.004)and was a risk factor for DAVD.Conclusions:1.Degenerative aortic valve disease and carotid atherosclerotic plaque stability have some similar clinical risk factors.Among them,hypertension,TG,mitral valve disease,aortic root diameter,carotid unstable plaque and other factors are clinically related risk factors for aortic valve degeneration,while hypertension,TG,HCY,ascending aortic diameter and other factors are clinically related risk factors for carotid plaque stability.2.The incidence of unstable plaque in elderly aortic valve degeneration group was significantly higher than that in non-elderly aortic valve degeneration group.Carotid artery unstable plaque is associated with the incidence of elderly aortic valve degeneration and is a risk factor for elderly aortic valve degeneration.