Differential Analysis Of Intestinal Microorganisms Between Patients With Esophageal Cancer And Healthy People

Objective.To investigate the differences in species abundance and species diversity between the gut microbiota of esophageal cancer patientsand healthy population(NC),so as to predict patients with esophageal cancer and provide new diagnostic indicators for the diagnosis of esophageal cancerusing gut microbes as biomarkers,andthen provide new strategies.Methods.Stool specimens of 37 newly diagnosed esophageal cancer patients from the Department of Thoracic Surgery and Oncology of the First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical College from March 2022 to August 2022 were collected as the experimental group(EC group),as well as the healthy population as the control group(NC group).All patients had not received any antitumor treatment before sample collection,and the diagnostic criteria of EC patients were in accordance with the 2020 Chinese guidelines for diagnosis and treatment of esophageal cancer.Stool specimens from both groups will be measured per using 16 S r DNA genetic testing technology.The sequencing results of the two groups were evaluated and OUT clustering was used to analyze the relative abundance of species between the intestinal flora of the two populationsat alpha diversity and beta diversity at andphylum and genus levels,the structureof the communities,and comparative analysis between subgroups within groups using LEf Se analysis to find species that differed significantly in abundance between groups and construct ROC curves.Finally,PICRUSt analysis was used to predict the existence of functional differences between thetwo groups of colonies.Results.1.by plotting Pan species(i.e.pan species)curves,Core species(core species curves)by species clustering analysis,it was found that there was no significant difference between the intestinal floraof EC patients andhealthy population in terms of species richness and numberof corespecies.2.By comparing the differences between the two groups through species community analysis,it was found that at the phylum level,the top 20 bacterial phyla in terms of richness were selected,and the richness of the phylum Thick-walled Bacteroides was higher in the NC group than in the EC group,while the richness of the phylum Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes was higher in the EC group than in the control group,while the phylum Verrucomicrobia was not significantly detected in NC.At the genus level,the top 20 genera in both groups were selected andfound tobe Escherichia-Shigella,themost common genus in both EC and NC groups.3.The alpha diversity index statistics revealed that the amount of sequencing data in this study was large enough to reflect the majority of microbial diversity information.There was also an increase in the diversity of gut microbial communities in EC patients compared to NC patients,but no significant difference in richness.No significant differences in species richness and diversity were found when comparing between the sexes.In the Beta diversity analysis,NMDS analysis plots could explain the variability between EC and NCgroups.4.The LEf Se analysis revealed some variability in the flora between the EC and NC groups,and further construction of the subject work characteristic curve(ROC curve)showed that Bacteroides、Bacteroides、Klebsiella、Alistipes、Ralstonia、UBA1819and Parabacteroides had AUC values greater than 0.5.The AUC values of six groups of bacteria,were all greater than 0.5.The AUC values were good for healthy individuals and EC patients,and even AUC=0.94 for Ralstonia,which can be the best markerfor EC diagnosis.5.By using PICRUSt analysis,the potential functions of the intestinal flora between EC and NC on OCG functional analysis,there was a statistically significant difference between the EC group and the NC group in the abundance of five functions: transcription,extracellular structure,auxin transport and metabolism,signal transduction mechanism,synthesis and translation of glycosomes,and transcription.on KEGG functional analysis,the EC group was found to be metabolically The EC group was found to be higher in metabolism and lower in geneticinformation processing functions than the NC group.Conclusion.The gut microbes of EC patients had increased community diversity compared to the healthy population without significant differences in abundance.there were some differences in the structure of the intestinal flora inthe EC group compared to the NC group,which in turn led to some differences in the function of the intestinal flora,and such differences may be related to the development of the disease.Some of these flora may become markers for the diagnosis of EC,which may also provide new ideas for the diagnosis and treatment of intestinal microbiology in EC patients.