| Objective:To collect the etiological data of patients with status epilepticus(SE)in Dali,Yunnan Province,and analyze the etiological characteristics of patients with SE in this area,so as to provide reference for the etiological treatment of SE in Dali,Yunnan Province.Methods:This study retrospectively analyzed the medical records of patients with status epilepticus hospitalized in the First Affiliated Hospital of Dali University from October2017 to October 2022.The data collected are: basic information collection(name,gender,age,nationality,marriage,education level,etc.),inducement and related past history of status epilepticus,history of stopping dressing change,history of drinking,recent seizure frequency,seizure type.According to the age of the patients,the cases were divided into children group(0-6 years old),teenagers group(7-17 years old),youth group(18-40 years old),middle-aged group(41-65 years old)and elderly group(≥66 years old).To analyze the etiology of status epilepticus patients with different gender,different age groups,different nationalities,different seizure types and different prognosis in Dali,Yunnan.Results:1.General etiology: 31 cases(22.3%)have unknown etiology,29 cases have cerebrovascular disease(20.9%),16 cases have metabolic factors(11.5%),10 cases have cerebral cysticercosis(7.2%),9 cases have viral encephalitis(6.5%),7 cases have brain trauma(5.0%)and 6 cases have brain tumors.There were 4 cases of abnormal brain development(2.9%),3 cases of neurosyphilis(2.2%),2 cases of hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy(1.4%),2 cases of lupus encephalopathy(1.4%),and12 cases of two or more causes(8.6%).2.A total of 139 patients were included in this study,including 86 males(61.9%)and 53 females(38.1%),with a ratio of 1.6: 1.There were 6 children(4.3%),1 male(16.7%)and 5 female(83.3%),the ratio of male to female was 1: 5.There were 21cases(15.1%)in the juvenile group,12 cases were male(57.1%)and 9 cases were female(42.9%),with a ratio of 4: 3.There were 32 cases(23.0%)in the youth group,including 18 cases(56.3%)of males and 14 cases(43.8%)of females,with a ratio of 9:7.There were 63 middle-aged patients(45.3%),45 males(71.4%)and 18 females(28.6%),with a ratio of 5: 2.There were 17 elderly patients(12.2%),10 males(58.8%)and 7 females(41.2%),the ratio of male to female was 10:7.The number of cases in children group is the least,and the age group with the highest incidence is young and middle-aged group.3.The ethnic groups included Han,Bai,Yi,Lisu,Hui,Naxi and Tibetan,including 64 cases of Han(46.0%),47 cases of Bai(33.8%),16 cases of Yi(11.5%)and4 cases of Lisu.The incidence rate of Han nationality(46.0%)is the highest,and the incidence rate of Naxi and Tibetan(1.4%)is less than that of Han nationality,and there is no statistical difference between Han nationality and ethnic minorities(P > 0.05).4.The common diseases of male patients are cerebrovascular diseases,while the causes of female patients are unknown.There was significant difference in the proportion of etiology between different sexes(P < 0.05).5.There were significant differences in the proportion of etiology between juvenile group,middle-aged group and elderly group(P<0.05),and there were significant differences in the proportion of etiology between middle-aged group and elderly group(P<0.05).The main causes are different with different age groups.Children,teenagers and young people are more likely to have unexplained diseases.The main diseases in the middle-aged group are metabolic factors and cerebrovascular diseases,while the main diseases in the elderly group are cerebrovascular diseases.6.In patients with convulsive status epilepsy(CSE),the common diseases are cerebrovascular diseases in 26 cases(23.9%),unknown causes in 21 cases(19.3%)and metabolic factors in 14 cases(12.8%),among which cerebrovascular diseases are mainly found in middle-aged group(11 cases)and elderly group(11 cases).Among the patients with non-convulsive status epilepsy(NCSE),10 cases(33.3%)have unknown etiology,3 cases(10.0%)have cerebrovascular diseases,3 cases(10.0%)have cerebral cysticercosis and 3 cases(10.0%)have brain tumors.The main diseases in teenagers and young people are due to unknown etiology.There was no significant difference in etiology between two different types of seizures(CSE and NCSE)(P > 0.05).7.The proportion of various causes of poor prognosis is as follows:cerebrovascular disease in 4 cases(19.0%),viral encephalitis in 3 cases(14.3%),metabolic encephalopathy in 3 cases(14.3%),neurosyphilis in 2 cases(9.5%),abnormal brain development,cerebral cysticercosis,dementia and so on.Among the patients with good prognosis,there were 25 cases of cerebrovascular disease(21.2%),13 cases of metabolic encephalopathy(11.0%)and 30 cases of unknown etiology(25.4%).There was no significant difference between the patients with poor prognosis and those with good prognosis(P > 0.05).Conclusion:1.The main causes of SE in Dali area in the past five years are: unknown etiology,cerebrovascular disease and metabolic encephalopathy.Most patients with SE in this area have unknown etiology,which may be related to the backward level of epilepsy diagnosis and treatment in this area.2.Different sexes and different age groups have different characteristics of etiology distribution.3.There is no significant difference between CSE and NCSE in this area.4.There is no significant difference between the etiology of SE patients with poor prognosis and those with good prognosis in this area. |
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