Study On Imaging Features And Expression Of EOS,IL-4,IL-13,IFN-γ In Respiratory Epithelial Adenomatous Hamartoma

Objective: By analyzing the coronal CT olfactorous crack width and CT value of the sinuses in patients with respiratory tract epithelial adenomatoid hamartoma(REAH)and chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps(CRSw NP),as well as the differences in the expression of EOS,IL-4,IL-13,IFN-γ cytokines in the pathological tissues,the pathogenesis of REAH and the effective basis for its diagnosis were explored.Methods: REAH patients(n=11)who received surgical treatment in the rhinology ward of Shengjing Hospital Affiliated to China Medical University from August 2019 to December 2022 were selected as the REAH group;CRSw NP patients(n=11)admitted to our department for endoscopic nasal polypectomy during the same period were selected as NP group;Patients without nasal and sinus inflammation such as "cerebrospinal fluid rhinorrhea,nasal septum deviation" who were diagnosed and admitted for surgical treatment(n=6)were selected as the control group.Bilateral sinus coronal CT width and CT value of patients in the REAH group and the NP group were measured and compared.Meanwhile,mucosal tissues in the nasal olfactory region of patients in the REAH group,CRSw NP group,and the control group were retained.After HE staining,EOS was counted,IL-4,IL-13 and IFN-γ levels in the samples were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.SPSS26.0 software was used for data analysis,and Graphpadprism8 was used for mapping.Results:(1)The olfactory crack width of REAH in coronal CT was significantly higher than that in NP group(P < 0.05).(2)The coronal CT value of the sinuses in the REAH group was significantly higher than that in the NP group(P < 0.05).(3)The presence of EOS in both the REAH group and the NP group was observed under the microscope.Although the EOS count in the NP group was higher than that in the REAH group,there was no statistical significance(P > 0.05).(4)IL-4,IL-13 and IFN-γ could be detected in the experimental group(REAH group and NP group),and their levels were significantly higher than those in the control group(P < 0.05),but there was no statistical significance in the expression levels of IL-4 and IL-13 in the REAN group and NP group(P >0.05).The expression level of IFN-γ in REAH group and NP group was statistically significant(P < 0.05).Conclusions:(1)There were obvious differences in the measurement of bilateral olfactory crack width and CT value between REAH and CRSw NP in imaging,and the preoperative detection of bilateral olfactory crack width and CT value of REAH could be used as a valid evidence for the auxiliary diagnosis of REAH.(2)The occurrence and development of REAH and CRSw NP were correlated with the expression levels of IFN-γ secreted by Th1 cells and IL-4 and IL-13 secreted by Th2 cells.(3)IFN-γexpression levels secreted by Th1 cells may play a more important role in differentiating REAH from NP.