The Impact Of Urbanization On Residents’ Health

Objective:This paper uses the cross-sectional data of China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Survey(CHARLS)in 2018 to conduct theoretical exploration and empirical analysis on the relationship between urbanization and health from the perspective of micro individuals,to study whether the process of individual urbanization can have an impact on health status,what kind of impact,and the heterogeneity of impact,and further discuss the impact on the utilization of health service resources.And according to the final empirical results,it provides theoretical reference and relevant policy recommendations for the development of urbanization,the improvement of population health level,and the reduction of health inequality in China.Research method:Firstly,according to the literature review and theoretical research,the research framework and basic assumptions of the article are proposed;Secondly,we use descriptive statistical analysis to summarize the basic situation and differences of the research samples;Then,the econometric model is used to empirically test the relationship between urbanization and health,the method of propensity scores is used to solve endogenous problems,and use alternative dependent variable measurement method to increase robustness;Finally,we will further discuss the impact of urbanization on the utilization of medical and health services.Research results:1.By comparing the health status of different groups with different characteristics,this paper found that there were significant statistical differences in health level among groups of different gender,age,marital education level,medical insurance status,childhood parents’ occupation,childhood parents’ registered residence Change education level,and childhood family economic status.By comparing the urbanization situation,it is found that there are significant statistical differences among groups of different gender,age,marital education level,medical insurance status,childhood parents’ occupation,childhood parents’ education,and childhood family economic status.2.The empirical results of this paper show that the process of individual urbanization will significantly improve the self-reported health status,reduce the impairment of activities of daily living and instrumental activities of daily living,and have a significant positive impact on health.And the estimation of propensity score matching method and replacement dependent variable measurement method also supports this result.3.Through the analysis of the heterogeneity of the impact,it is concluded that the impact of urbanization on health is different in different genders,ages,educational levels,and is also different in central,eastern and western regions of China.Moreover,by distinguishing different types of urbanization for different reasons,it is difficult to affect the groups with “passive” urbanization.4.Through further analysis of the impact on the utilization of medical services,it is concluded that urbanization will significantly increase the number of inpatients in the past year,hospitalization costs and outpatient costs in the past month,and increase the utilization of medical and health services.Research conclution:The results of this study show that the process of individual urbanization has a good health effect.First of all,urbanization is conducive to improving individual self-reported health,reducing impairment of activities of daily living and instrumental activities of daily living;Secondly,the impact on different characteristic groups is different,and it is difficult to have an impact on "passive" urbanization groups;Finally,urbanization will increase the utilization of medical and health services for residents.This suggests that we should pay attention to the construction of a new type of urbanization centered on people,pay attention to the health inequality caused by urbanization and the rational use of medical and health service resources.