Comparison Of Cognitive Function And Eye Movement Characteristics Between Unipolar And Bipolar Depression

Objective: To compare the differences between saccadic index and cognitive function in patients with single and bipolar depressive disorder,explore the relationship between saccadic index and cognitive function,and search for behavioral indicators that can distinguish unipolar and bipolar depressive disorder.Methods: From May to October 2022,36 patients with unipolar depression,30 patients with bipolar depression,and 36 healthy control group were recruited in the outpatient and inpatient department of Hebei Mental Health Center.The patient group should meet the diagnostic criteria of the 《 Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders 5th Edition 》(DSM-5)and be diagnosed by two attending psychiatrists or above.Demographic data were collected by self-made general situation scale.The clinical symptoms of patients were evaluated by Hamilton Depression Scale(HAMD)and Hamilton Anxiety Scale(HAMA).The cognitive function of the subjects was evaluated by THINC-it cognitive function test tool.EM-2000C-D01 was used to measure saccade index.Em-2000c-d01 was used to evaluate brain physiological and cognitive function.Epi Data was used for data entry and spss.26 was used for data analysis.Results:1、In demographic data,compared with the healthy control group,the height of unipolar depression was lower than that of the healthy control group,but there was no other significant difference.There was no significant difference in demographic data between bipolar depression and healthy control group.In the comparison between unipolar depression and bipolar depression,the age and first onset age of unipolar depression were significantly higher than that of bipolar depression,and the duration of the onset was significantly longer than that of bipolar depression.2、In the difference comparison of saccade indexes,there was a significant difference between single and bipolar depression in the positive saccade indexes,and the positive saccade error rate in unipolar depression patients was significantly lower than that in bipolar depression patients(P < 0.05).Compared with the healthy control group,the sapping duration and latency of unipolar depression were higher than those of the healthy control group(P < 0.05).The duration of bipolar depression patients was significantly longer than that of healthy control group,and the sapping range and pupil area were significantly longer than that of healthy control group(P < 0.05).In the index of reverse saki,there was a significant difference in the reverse pupil area of monophasic depression patients,the pupil area of monophasic depression patients was significantly less than that of bipolar depression patients(P < 0.05),compared with healthy control group,monophasic depression and bipolar depression in the incubation period of reverse saki and reverse saki time was significantly longer than that of healthy control group(P < 0.05).The reverse pupil area of bipolar depression was significantly greater than that of healthy control group(P < 0.05),but there was no significant difference in other indicators.In the index of two-step saccade,no significant difference was detected between single and bipolar depression,but compared with the healthy control group,the two-step error rate of unipolar depression was significantly higher than that of the healthy control group(P < 0.05),and there was no significant difference in other indicators.3、Controlling for age,there was no difference in CRT or Nback between monopolytic depression and healthy controls on THINC-it.However,unipolar depression was significantly lower than bipolar depression group on the TMT(Trail Making Test-B)task.Compared with the healthy control group,the scores of unipolar depression on DSST,TMT and PDQ-5 were significantly lower than those of the healthy control group.The PDQ-5 level of bipolar depression was significantly lower than that of healthy control group.4、Spearman was used to analyze the correlation between saccadic index and THINC-it cognitive function in unipolar depression and bipolar depression groups.The results showed that cognitive function of unipolar depression in TMT task was negatively correlated with positive saccadic duration,reverse saccadic duration and reverse latency in saccadic index(r=-.374,P< 0.05;r=-0.453,P < 0.01;r=-0.430,P <0.01);The cognitive function of bipolar depressive disorder was significantly negatively correlated with the positive error rate(r=-0.392,P < 0.05).In Nback task,cognitive function of bipolar depressive disorder was negatively correlated with positive duration,reverse error rate,reverse latency and reverse duration(r=-0.421,P< 0.05;r=-0.390,P < 0.05;r=-0.403,P < 0.05;r=-.460,P < 0.05;)Was positively correlated with pupil size(r=0.430,P < 0.05).5、The significant variables in the single factor were incorporated into the multi-factor logistic,and LR stepwise forward method was adopted.The results showed that age(OR=0.875,P=0.016),forward saccadic error rate(OR=4.845,P=0.045),TMT score(OR=2.457,P=0.042)was statistically significant,and age,positive saccade error rate and TMT score were independent risk factors for bipolar depression compared with unipolar depression.Conclusion:1.Positive saccadic error rate and anti-saccadic pupil area are significant indicators for comparison of bipolar disorder2.The degree of impairment of executive function in bipolar depression is slightly less than that in unipolar depression.3.The cognitive function of patients with bipolar depression is negatively correlated with error rate,duration and incubation period,and positively correlated with pupil size.Squib index can reflect the cognitive function of patients with bipolar depression.4.Age,positive saccadic error rate and TMT score were independent risk factors for bipolar depression compared with unipolar depression.Positive eye movement error rate in saccadic indicator and TMT task in cognitive function test may be potential biomarkers to distinguish unipolar depression from bipolar depression.