| Objective:We investigate the alterations of brain regional spontaneous neuronal activity characteristics and neuronal synchronization feature with resting state functional magnetic resonance imaging between male patients with unipolar depression and bipolar depression, we explore the feature pathological mechanism of the two diseases in the male patients, and we hoping to find some objective biological markers to distinguish the two illnesses early.Methods:The male patients with unipolar depression or bipolar depression were recruited, and the age-, address-, and education-matched nonnal controls were recruited and regarded as the unipolar depression group, the bipolar depression group and the normal control group, respectively, in this study. All subjects were recruited to undergo the 3.0 Tesla resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging scanning, and the clinical data of the subjects were collected on the day of the scan. The patient's condition was assessed using the Hamilton Depression Scale (HAMD). All the tested image data were transformed by MRIcron software, and the Dparsf 2.0 software was used for time correction, head correction, spatial standardization and mapping to Monte Carlo standard space. From the following methods:(1) The amplitude of low frequency fluctuation (ALFF) was used to assessed that, firstly, single factor variance analysis was made on the three groups of subjects and in different brain regions based on further two independent sample t test.(2) The fractional amplitude of low frequency fluctuation (fALFF) was assessed, and the t test of independent samples was further carried out on the basis of single factor analysis of variance of three groups.(3) The resting state functional magnetic resonance imaging voxel-mirrored homotopic connectivity (VMHC) method was evaluated, two independent samples t test was carried out after single factor variance analysis of three groups.(4) The left or right rolandic operculum was used as the region of interest (ROI) respectively, to calculate the ROI and whole brain's functional connection (FC), and the two independent sample t test based on the single factor variance analysis of three groups.Using the method of Alphasim correction or false discovery rate (FDR) correction for multiple comparison correction, we got the statistically significant differences in the brain area (after Alphasim/FDR correction p<0.05).Result:(1) The differences of the ALFF values in the three groups were found in the left middle temporal gyrus and the bilateral anterior cingulate gyrus. Compared with the control group, the unipolar depression patients had lower ALFF values in the bilateral anterior cingulate gyrus, while the bipolar depression patients found the ALFF value increased in the left middle temporal gyrus. Compared with bipolar depression group, the unipolar depression group found ALFF decreased in the left middle temporal gyrus and the left anterior cingulate gyrus.(2) Male patients with unipolar depression or bipolar depression groups and control group found fALFF values had significant differences in the right orbital medial frontal gyrus, the left medial frontal gyrus and left paracentral lobule. Compared with the control group, the unipolar depression patients had significantly higher fALFF in the left anterior cingulate, and the bipolar depression ones had significantly higher fALFF in the bilateral medial frontal gyrus and left middle cingulate gyrus. Compared with the bipolar depression ones, the unipolar depression group had significantly lower fALFF in the right orbital medial frontal gyrus, the right anterior cingulate gyrus and the bilateral medial frontal gyrus.(3)The three groups of subjects found VMHC values had significant differences in the cerebellar peduncle 2 area and the inferior occipital gyrus/fusiform gyrus. In the unipolar depression patients the VMHC values decreased in the cerebellar peduncle 2 area and the inferior occipital gyrus, and in the bipolar depression ones the VMHC values decreased in the cerebellar peduncle 2 area and the inferior occipital gyrus/fusiform gyrus, while the bipolar depression group's VMHC values reduced in the inferior occipital gyrus/fusiform gyrus compared with the unipolar depression group.(4) When placed the left rolandic operculum as ROI, the results were below:The three groups found different FCs in the left orbital medial frontal gyrus, the left superior temporal gyrus and the right middle occipital gyrus; the unipolar and bipolar depression patients the FCs reduced in the left middle temporal gyrus; compared with the patients with unipolar depression, the bipolar patients found the FCs decreased in left superior orbital frontal gyrus, while the FCs increased in the right middle occipital gyrus.When placed the right rolandic operculum as ROI, the results were below:The three group subjects found different FCs in the left orbital medial frontal gyrus, the right middle cingulate gyrus and the left supplementary motor area; The unipolar depression patients'FCs decreased in the right middle cingulate gyrus and the left supplementary motor area; the bipolar depression patients'FCs decreased in the left anterior cingulate gyrus, the orbital left medial frontal gyrus and the left supplementary motor area; compared with the unipolar depression group, the bipolar depression ones found the FCs decreased in left orbital medial frontal gyrus, and the FCs increased in the right middle cingulate gyrus.Conclusions:Our findings suggested that both the abnormal regional alterations in spontaneous neuronal activity and the abnormal brain circuit characteristics were important underlying pathomechanism in male with unipolar or bipolar depression patients in the resting state, so the abnormal regions didn't match well, they might differentiate the two diseases. |
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