Effect Of Health Education Combined With Baduanjin Exercise Based On Protection Motivation Theory On Weight Intervention Of Overweight And Obese Elderly In Community

Purpose1、To understand the current situation of overweight,obesity of the elderly in the community,and provide the theoretical basis for the health management of the elderly.2、To evaluate the intervention effect of health education combined with Baduanjin exercise of protective motivation theory in community environment by comparing the health-related indicators,physiological indexes,general self-efficacy scores,self-care ability scores and SF-36 quality of life scores of overweight and obese elderly before and after intervention.As a result,to provide effective program for weight management of overweight and obese elderly in the community.Methods1、From January in 2018 to December in 2020,986 elderly aged 60 or above in a community in Taiyuan were selected as the study subjects.The results of height,body weight,waist circumference,body mass index,blood pressure,fasting blood glucose,blood cholesterol,triglyceride,LDL and HDL were extracted and analyzed.2、The convenient sampling method were adopted to select 89 persons whose BMI greater than or equal 24kg/m2(44 in the intervention group and 45 in the control group)from the group which aged greater than or equal 60 the current year.The intervention group received health management for 6 months.The specific measures included 4 times intensive health education sessions,2 to 3 individualized health guidance sessions,1 to 2 group of discussions and 5 times intensive training sessions per week.The control group received routine community health education and maintained the previous sports activities.The health status(including age,sex,education level,living situation,income,marital status,chronic disease related situation,exercise frequency),physical examination(including height,weight,waist circum ference,body mass index,blood pressure),laboratory test(including blood sugar,blood fat),general self-efficacy scale,self-care ability scale,SF-36 life quality summary table,etc.were conducted before and after the intervention.The changes of physiological indexes,self-efficacy,self-nursing ability and quality of life before and after intervention were compared.The database is established by Excel and analyzed and processed by SPSS26 statistical software,and the comparison of counting data is made by Chi-square test in the form of n(%).T test was used to compare the two groups of measurement data at two time points,repeated measurement ANOVA was used to compare the two groups of measurement data at three time points,and Bonferroni correction method was used to express the post-comparison,and results were presented in the form of x±s.Result1、Basic information of the elderly in a community for physical examination(1)In this study,a total of 986 elderly≥60 years old were included as subjects.They average aged 66.60±4.88,400 men(40.56%),586 women(59.43%),262 people with normal BMI(26.6%),481 of them were overweight(48.8%),238 were obese(24.1%),850 people with abdominal obesity(86.2%),476 people with hypertension(48.3%),248 people with diabetes(25.2%).148 people(15.0%),250 peop le(25.4%)and 61 people(6.2%)with hypercholesterolemia,hypertriglyceridemia and mixed hyperlipidemia respectively.There were 348 borderline hypertension,accounting for 35.3%and 126 impaired fasting glucose,accounting for 12.8%.(2)The highest compositions of the 3 groups were overweight or obesity with hypertension,overweight or obesity with hypertriglyceridemia,and overweight or obesity with diabetes,accounting for 38.7%,20.1%and 18.7%respectively.(3)Gender,blood pressure,hypertriglyceridemia,mixed hyperlipidemia were statistically significant in BMI(P<0.05);hypertension,diabetes,hypertriglyceridemia,mixed hyperlipidemia were risk factors for abdominal obesity in the elderly(P<0.05).2、Protective motivation theory Health education combined with Baduanjin exercise intervention before and after the comparison of various indicators of the elderly(1)General situation analysis of the two groups:44 intervention group participants,45 control group participants.The average age of the intervention group was 66.68 ± 4.29 years old and the control group was 67.18 ± 4.12 years old.There was no significant difference in age,marital status,living condition,education level,income,family history,chronic disease and exercise frequency between the two groups(P>0.05).There was no significant difference in baseline of body weight,Waist Circumference(WC),BMI,SBP,DBP,FPG,TC,TG,LDL-C and HDL-C(P>0.05).(2)After intervention,the body WC,BMI,SBP and TC of the intervention group were significantly lower than those of the control group(P<0.05),and the weight,WC,Body Mass Index(BMI),Systoles Blood Pressure(SBP),Fasting Plasma Glucose(FPG),Total Cholesterol(TC),Triglyceride(TG),Low Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol(LDL-C)and High Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol(HDL-C)of the intervention group were significantly lower than those before the intervention at 3 and 6 months(P<0.05).(3)After intervention,the scores of general self-efficacy and self-care ability in the intervention group were significantly higher than those in the control group(P<0.05);the scores of general self-efficacy and self-care ability in the intervention group were significantly higher than those before intervention(P<0.05).There was no significant change in control group(P>0.05).(4)After intervention,the scores of all dimensions of SF-36 in intervention group were significantly higher than those in control group(P<0.05),and the scores of physiological function,physical pain,general health status,energy,social function,mental health and health change in intervention group were significantly higher(P<0.05).There was no significant change in control group(P>0.05).Conclusion1.Overweight,obesity and abdominal obesity have a high incidence rate among the elderly,and the elderly should pay more attention to overweight and obesity.Community health service institutions should strengthen intervention on issues such as overweight and obesity in the elderly,in order to better and effectively control the occurrence and development of chronic diseases in the elderly,and improve their overall health level and quality of life.2.Protection motivation theory health education combined with Baduanjin qigong exercise can give full play to the subjective initiative of patients,stimulate patients’ self-protection motivation,improve patients’ self-care ability and self-efficacy,improve the physiological function of the elderly while improving their quality of life,and thus improve their compliance in maintaining their own healthy weight behavior.Constantly explore the advantages of community primary medical institutions in weight management by applying the Theory of Change combined with exercise intervention.