| As an important part of modern genetic engineering,gene detection technology detects and analyzes the gene information of the subject at the molecular level,and shows the positive side of improving the quality of human life,improving human health,and benefiting mankind in the diagnosis and prevention of diseases,drug metabolism,and individualized treatment.It is a breakthrough technical means to explore the nature of gene genetics and life.In recent years,gene detection technology has been widely used in medical treatment,employment,insurance,consumer market and other fields.However,unlike the network,nanotechnology and other high-tech technologies,it directly involves the most essential secrets of human life,and is closely linked with personal dignity,life health,economic interests and other relations,which greatly affects people’s social behavior and lifestyle.It is a problem of technical ethics,which is very likely to infringe the rights and interests of the subject ethical risks such as gene discrimination and gene plunder,challenging basic social values such as justice,equality and freedom,will inevitably have a huge impact on the original ethics,legal system and social order.This thesis takes the main ethical risks of gene detection technology as the main line of research,explores the origin of the ethical risks of gene detection technology,and on this basis,applies the ethical theoretical principles and research methods across disciplines,and combines the existing basic principles of bioethics,such as informed consent,respect,and fairness,to analyze the practical ethical risks faced by gene detection technology,and conduct ethical argumentation on the application of gene detection technology.It mainly includes the following five parts:The introduction part clarifies the background,research significance,research ideas and methods of this paper,and provides some experience and enlightenment for the writing and research of this paper by comparing and summarizing the research results at home and abroad.The first chapter mainly explains the concept,type,application status and development process of gene detection technology,and defines related concepts such as gene,gene information,gene detection technology,etc.The second chapter explains the main ethical risks of gene detection technology from the individual and social aspects of the subject.It deconstructs the subject’s genetic rights under the genetic testing technology,and the related issues of autonomy and privacy protection caused by it.Then,at the social level,it continues to analyze and discuss the issue of gene discrimination in the context of the competition for genetic resources and the right of gene equality.The third chapter analyzes the reasons for the ethical risks of gene detection technology.It is pointed out that under the influence of genetic determinism,it may bring wrong cognition and value orientation to the public,and even cause genetic discrimination.The choice of different ethical values is also one of the factors that induce the ethical risk of gene testing technology.Affected by the instrumental rationality and the lack of value rationality,the relevant actors are very likely to make anomie behavior that deviates from the ethical scope and seeks to maximize benefits.In addition,a single dimension of ethics or institutional norms will also be difficult to produce effective binding force on the application and development of gene detection technology.The fourth chapter puts forward specific solutions to the ethical risks of gene detection technology.In the study,it was found that it is difficult to eliminate the ethical risks caused by gene detection technology by relying solely on technical supervision and blindly setting up technology exclusion zones.On the basis of following the basic ethical principles,specific requirements should be put forward from the three levels of the individual subject,the ethics committee and the government,and a multi-level scientific and technological ethics governance system should be built through the joint participation of multiple parties,so as to avoid the ethical dilemma of gene detection technology,give full play to its positive benefits and provide certain reference significance. |
