| Objective:The study was conducted from December 2020 to January 2021 as a cross-sectional study to investigate the prevalence of poor visual acuity and related health risk behaviors among middle school students in Donghu District of Nanchang City,to identify priority issues and priority populations for intervention in the comprehensive prevention and control of poor visual acuity among middle school students in Donghu District,and to provide basic data for evaluating the effectiveness of comprehensive prevention and control of poor visual acuity among middle school students in Donghu District.Methods:According to the criteria set by the Strabismus and Pediatric Ophthalmology Group of the Chinese Medical Association’s Ophthalmology Branch for middle school students older than or equal to 9 years of age,a total of 6575 students in seven randomly selected junior and senior high schools with a naked eye visual acuity of less than 5.0 were considered to have poor visual acuity,using a stratified whole-group sampling method.Data were double-entered using Epi Data 3.1,and SPSS 24.0statistical software was used for statistical description and analysis.The main risk factors for poor visual acuity in middle school students were analysed by multi-factor logistic regression.Results:(1)A total of 6575 middle school students were surveyed in this study and the detection rate of poor vision was 61.7%.There were differences in the detection rate of poor vision among students with different school categories,grades,household registration,gender,and whether they were only children.The detection rate of poor eyesight among middle school students in Nanchang Donghu District increased gradually with the grade level,with an overall upward trend,and the detection rate of poor eyesight among girls was higher than that of boys in the same grade.(2)The detection rate of severe visual impairment was 22.1%,moderate visual impairment was 23.0%and mild visual impairment was 16.5%among middle school students in Nanchang East Lake District.The highest percentage of students with poor vision was 56.2%who wore glasses all day and the lowest percentage of students with poor vision was 1.4%who wore glasses all night.The proportion of students with poor vision who wore glasses was 97.8%,while the proportion of students who wore keratoplasty lenses was low at 2.2%;the proportion of students with poor vision who had increased their glasses by less than 50 degrees and 50-100degrees in the past year were 46.7%and 42.9%respectively.(3)The single factor analysis of poor visual acuity among middle school students in Donghu District,Nanchang City found that the type of school(χ~2=457.008,P<0.001),grade(χ~2=492.096,P<0.001),household registration location(χ~2=18.552,P<0.001),gender(χ~2=52.736,P<0.001),and whether they were only child(χ~2=23.870,P<0.001),reading and writing posture(P<0.001),eating habits(P<0.001),eye hygiene habits(P<0.001),frequency of table and chair height adjustment(χ~2=29.293,P<0.001),outdoor activities(P<0.005),sleep(P<0.001),current status of internet addiction(χ~2=10.224,P=0.001)and parental vision status(χ~2=200.744,P<0.001)were statistically significant in the distribution of poor vision among middle school students.(4)The results of a multicategorical analysis of the factors influencing poor vision among middle school students in Nanchang East Lake District showed that:frequency of eating vegetables and fruits(OR=0.657),frequency of eating sweets(OR=1.125),taking a break every 40～50 minutes for close eye use(OR=0.962),writing with a tilted head(OR=1.343),reading and writing with the chest one fist from the edge of the table(OR=0.962),reading and writing with eyes less than 33cm from the book(OR=1.721),consistently doing eye exercises(OR=0.802),using electronic screen devices(OR=1.166),moderate outdoor activity(OR=0.777),walking for at least 10 minutes during the week(OR=0.934),studying for more than two hours a day on average outside of class(OR=1.542),desk and chair height adjusted to height(OR=0.863),poor parental vision(OR=1.905),quality of sleep(OR=0.948)and internet addiction(OR=1.244)were statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusions:(1)The detection rate of poor eyesight among middle school students in Nanchang’s Donghu District is among the highest in Jiangxi Province,and the situation is quite serious.There are significant differences in terms of gender,family domicile and whether or not the student is an only child,and the detection rate of visual impairment among middle school students tends to increase with grade level.(2)The risk factors associated with poor visual acuity among students in Nanchang’s Donghu District may be related to reading and writing posture,close learning,eye hygiene habits,diet,outdoor activities,sleep quality,Internet addiction and poor parental vision. |
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