Study On The Correlation Between Social Capital,Self-Management And Quality Of Life Of Type 2 Diabetic Patients

Objective:To understand the status of social capital,self-management and quality of life in patients with type 2 diabetes,to analyze the differences in the general demographic data of social capital,self-management and quality of life;to explore the relationship among social capital,self-management and quality of life in patients with type 2 diabetes,and to provide theoretical basis for intervention program of quality of life and clinical nursing for Type 2 diabetic patients.Methods:This study is a descriptive study in a non-experimental research,and 212patients with type 2 diabetes who were treated from a Grade III a general hospital or in community in Yanbian area between March and September,2019 were selected by convenient sampling.General demographic characteristic questionnaire,social capital scale,diabetes self-management scale and diabetes specific quality of life scale were used for the survey.SPSS 26.0 was used to analyze the questionnaires.The differences were considered statistically significant at the test level ofα=0.05,P<0.05,using composition ratio,frequency,mean,standard deviation,t-test,one-way ANOVA,Pearson correlation analysis,and multiple linear regression methods.Result:(1)There were 212 patients with type 2 diabetes included in the study;111(52.4%)were female and 101(47.6%)were male.The average age was(62.4±11.3)years old;169(79.7%)patients living in the urban residents;105cases(49.5)patients with junior high school education and above;176 cases(83.0%)living with their families;about the family monthly income,the levels are equal;the average course of disease was(8.2±6.3)years;88 cases(41.5%)were smokers and 89 cases(42.0%)of alcohol drinkers;115 cases(54.2%)of patients with one chronic disease;most of the patients had chronic diseases;and 191 cases(90.1%)of those who took medication or insulin in the past 6 months.(2)The social capital score of patients with type 2 diabetes is(16.2±2.5)points,and the social capital score is low.There were statistically significant differences in the place of residence,number of children and level of education(P<0.05).(3)The score of self-management of patients with type 2 diabetes was in the Middle Level(1.44±0.33),including the score of Blood Glucose control(1.39±0.54),the score of diet management(1.41±0.41),the score of physical exercise(1.52±0.53),the dimension of compliance behavior was(1.49±0.41).There were significant differences in the self-management level among different residence,education level,monthly family income and whether or not to live with family(P<0.05).(4)The quality of life of Type 2 diabetic patients was in the middle level,the average score of life quality was(2.09±0.55),including(2.13±0.77)in physical dimension,(2.31±0.54)in mental dimension,(1.73±0.60)in social relation dimension,treatment Dimension(1.79±0.63).Different age,residence,religious belief,whether or not to live with family,different number of children,education level,monthly family income,as well as different duration of illness,combined with the number of chronic diseases are the influencing factors of quality of life,the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).(5)There was a positive correlation between total average score of quality of life and Social Capital(r=0.347,P<0.01),and between total average score of quality of life and total average score of self-management(r=0.310,P<0.01).There was a positive correlation between social capital and the average score of self-management(r=0.167,P<0.05).(6)Multiple linear regression analysis showed that self-management of blood sugar control,total score of social capital,duration of disease,family income,combined chronic disease,and living with family members were predictors of quality of life(F=17.158,P<0.001),the above variables explained 32.0%of the variance of score(R~2=0.34,adj.R~2=0.32).Conclusion:(1)The social capital of patients with type 2 diabetes is at a low level;The self-management of patients with type 2 diabetes is in the middle level.(2)The quality of life of Type 2 diabetic patients was in the middle level.The social capital and self-management of blood sugar control should be promoted.(3)The social capital,self-management and quality of life of Type 2 diabetic patients were significantly positively correlated.The higher the degree of social capital acquisition and the higher the level of self-management,the better the quality of life of patients with type 2 diabetes.(4)Self-management of blood sugar control,social capital,duration of disease,family income,chronic diseases and living with family members can influence the level of quality of life.