| Objective: To preliminarily understand the epidemiological characteristics of patients with acute compartment syndrome(ACS)in Liuzhou,establish an epidemiological database of ACS in this area,and facilitate the analysis of the epidemiological characteristics of ACS in Guangxi in the future,hoping to provide a reference for the prevention,early diagnosis and treatment of ACS and provide the basis for public health decision-making.Methods: Relevant tables were designed to collect relevant information of the patients who were hospitalized in Liuzhou People’s Hospital,Liuzhou Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital,Liuzhou Workers’ Hospital and Rongshui Miao Autonomous County People’s Hospital during January 1,2010 to December 31,2020.Patients with crush syndrome and severe vascular injury were excluded,and the results were entered into Excel 2019.The epidemiological characteristics,preoperative conditions,in-hospital emergency treatment,hospitalization and complications of the patients were systematically retrospectively analyzed.Results: During the 11 years,a total of 180 ACS patients were retrieved from the above four medical institutions,and 163 patients met the inclusion criteria.Among them,there were 138 males and 25 females,with a male: female ratio of 5.52:1;99 were rural patients,64 were urban patients,and 1.55:1 were rural patients: urban patients,with a higher proportion of rural patients than urban patients.The patients were mainly relatively low-income people such as workers,farmers,accounting for up to 62.58%.The mean age of all patients was 39.47 years,the mean age of male patients was 39.39 years,the mean age of female patients was 39.88 years,and the ACS population was dominated by young and middle-aged patients.The number of ACS patients in the above four medical institutions showed an increasing trend in the past 11 years.The proportion of patients injured was the highest in August(12.26%)and the lowest in December(4.88%),and the number of patients in spring and summer was slightly more than that in autumn and winter during the onset season.Most patients arrived at the survey hospital within 24 hours,54.27% of patients had visited other medical institutions before visiting the survey hospital,and most patients were first seen in hospitals at county level or above.Among the causes of injury in patients,sequeeze,traffic accident injury and flat ground injuries accounted for the highest proportion,23.31%,18.40%,and 9.82%,respectively.ACS accounted for 51.53% and 32.57% of the lower leg and forearm,respectively.53.99% of ACS patients had fractures,49.69% had fractures at the site of ACS,58.28% had body surface and soft tissue injuries,13.50% had head injuries,24.54% had nerve injuries,and only a small number of patients had cervicothoracic and abdominal injuries.Tibiofibular fracture and radius and ulna fracture were the main sites of fracture in patients with compartment syndrome,accounting for 41.98% and 28.4%,respectively.Among the incidence of ACS in various types of fractures,the incidence of ACS in patients with tibiofibular and ulnar and radial fractures was significantly higher than that in fractures at other sites.22.13% of the patients used dehydrating agents during in-hospital emergency treatment,and the amputation rate,wound infection,and the incidence of muscle necrosis were lower in patients who used dehydrating agents during in-hospital emergency treatment than in patients who did not use dehydrating agents.Most patients underwent compartment incision and decompression,and among patients who underwent incision and decompression,the prognosis of patients who underwent incision and decompression for more than 24 hours was significantly worse than that within 24 hours after injury.The key to ACS treatment is early incision and decompression.The amputation rate of ACS patients decreased from 12.50% between 2010 and 2013 to 6.06%between 2018 and 2020.In recent years,the amputation rate of ACS patients has shown a steady downward trend,but the wound infection rate has a rebound trend.The length of hospital stay for ACS patients during 2010-2013 and2014-2017 was 37.05 and 37.20 days,respectively,and the average cost increased from 59188.6 yuan to 67837.43 yuan.During 2018 – 2020,the average length of stay for hospitalized patients with ACS decreased to 28.54 days,and the average cost also decreased to 59882.86 yuan.In the past three years,both hospitalized patients with ACS and their hospitalization costs decreased.Conclusion: In the past 11 years,ACS patients in Liuzhou,mainly young and middle-aged patients,had more male patients than female patients.Sequeeze,traffic accident injury are the main injury factors in ACS.ACS occurs frequently in the lower leg,and the incidence of ACS is highest in patients with tibiofibular fractures,and early incision and decompression can reduce the risk of ACS complications.Inpatient complications related to ACS have shown a decreasing trend in the past 11 years. |
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