| Rape is one of the four major oil crops in the world,and also one of the most important oil crops in China.It occupies a large proportion in the production and consumption of plant edible oil in China.Since the 21 st century,with the gradual improvement of Chinese people’s living standards,China’s consumption of vegetable edible oil has continued to grow,only relying on the domestic market supply is not enough to meet the growing demand for vegetable edible oil,so the import of rapeseed oil has been increasing,reaching 795,500 tons in 2020.In conclusion,in order to ensure the safety of vegetable edible oil in China,it is urgent to improve the technical efficiency of rape production.However,in recent years,the aging situation of rural labor force in China is becoming more and more serious,which directly affects the labor factor input of rape production and further affects the rape production.In this context,the following two research questions are raised: First,will the aging rural labor force have an impact on the technical efficiency of rape production? Second,through what path does the aging of rural labor force affect the technical efficiency of rape production?According to the above problems,the present situation of rural labor aging and rape production is analyzed firstly.Secondly,translogarithmic stochastic frontier model(SFA)was used to measure and analyze the technical efficiency of rape production in the main producing areas.Then,the restricted Tobit model was used for baseline regression to clarify the factors affecting the production technical efficiency of sample rape farmers,and to clarify the influence of rural labor aging on the technical efficiency of sample rape farmers.Finally,with mechanization degree and planting mode as mediating variables,the mediation effect model was used to empirically analyze the influence mechanism of rural labor aging on the technical efficiency of rape production.The main conclusions are as follows:(1)The aging of the rural labor force can significantly reduce the technical efficiency of rape production,especially in the middle and upper reaches of the Yangtze River Basin,and farmers with junior high school education or above.(2)The degree of mechanization has a mediating effect on the negative effect of rural labor aging on the technical efficiency of rape production.Labor aging will inhibit the improvement of mechanization degree,while mechanization can improve the technical efficiency of rape production.(3)There is a masking effect in the negative impact of rural labor aging on the technical efficiency of rape production.Labor aging will prompt farmers to choose live planting,which can improve the technical efficiency of rape production.Based on the above research conclusions,in order to further alleviate the impact of aging rural labor force and promote the improvement of technical efficiency of rape production,this study puts forward the following suggestions:(1)Improve the rural public service system.To provide service and guarantee for the life and production of old rape farmers.(2)Formulate measures in accordance with local conditions.The upstream producing areas will be upgraded for machinability,the midstream producing areas will be promoted for large-scale and mechanized production,and the downstream producing areas will increase capital investment.(3)Accelerate and promote the whole process mechanization rate of rape.We will choose varieties suitable for mechanized operations,use machines with high automation and intelligence and low cost,and provide after-sales maintenance and repair of agricultural machinery for agricultural cooperatives and other institutions.(4)Intensify the popularization of rape planting technology.The government has increased its input,established a diversified training system,and arranged professional extension personnel of new rape planting technology to demonstrate the operation methods of the new technology to rape growers on the spot. |
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