Research On Matching Agronomic Technology Of Mechanized Cutting Of Potato Test-Tube Seeding

China’s potato planting area ranks first in the world,but yields are lower than the world average,mainly due to the low application rate of potato high-quality detoxified seed potatoes,potato industry mechanization level is low.Promoting the mechanization of potato seed potato production can reduce seed potato production costs and increase the application rate and yield of detoxified seed potatoes.This project mainly investigates the agronomic supporting technology for the production of micro potatoes（original seed）by mechanical cuttings of potato test-tube seedlings,and determines the mechanical height requirements for test-tube seedlings according to the structure and performance of the manipulator and the depth of substrate perforation;regulates the neatness and leaf area of test-tube seedlings by adjusting the sugar concentration and nitrogen content in MS medium to improve the success rate of seedling extraction by the manipulator;compares the efficiency of mechanical cuttings with manual cuttings and the effect on growth through mechanical cuttings of test-tube seedlings in field trials.The main results are as follows:1.Through the robotic test-tube seedling picking test,we measured the height of successful and unsuccessful robotic seedlings,designed the gradient height of test-tube seedlings for the robotic seedling picking test,and determined the suitable height of test-tube seedlings for robotic seedling picking.2.By adjusting the sucrose concentration in MS medium,Compared with 40 g/L and 80 g/L,the growth regularity of’Huashu 1’test-tube seedlings was better than that of 60 g/L sugar concentration.When the NH₄NO₃content in MS medium was reduced to 1/4（8.25 g/L）of the original formula,the leaf area of’Zhongtuou 5’test tube seedlings was significantly reduced,suitable for mechanical hand picking cuttings.3.By comparing mechanical cuttings of potato test-tube seedlings with manual cuttings in field production of micro tubers trials,it was concluded that the efficiency of mechanical cuttings of test-tube seedlings was 15 plants/min,which was not significantly different from the efficiency of one manual cuttings;the survival rate,growth index,effective number of micro tubers and number of potatoes set per plant of mechanical cuttings were not significantly different from those of manual cuttings,and the rate of mechanical cuttings producing large micro tubres was high.4.By comparing potato seedlings with manual free cuttings for expansion,it was found that the highest expansion efficiency was achieved when 40 sections were placed in each box.The seedling survival rate was significantly increased to 94.7%by using the test tube seedling cutting-free method combined with vermiculite and film treatment to produce miniature potatoes.The number of potatoes harvested from test-tube seedlings without cuttings could increase the number of potatoes per plant,reaching 3.21.