| The compound Chinese medicine with reasonable compatibility has the characteristics of natural,safe and environmental protection,and can be used as a green and safe new feed additive for livestock and poultry.Research has shown that compound Chinese herbal feed additives have the effect of improving the production performance and immune performance of broilers,and have a certain impact on gut microbial metabolism.This study focuses on 120 healthy AA broilers aged 1 day and randomly divided them into four groups: control group(NC),compound Chinese medicine low dose experimental group(CML),compound Chinese medicine medium dose experimental group(CMM),and compound Chinese medicine high dose experimental group(CMH).Each group has 3replicates,with 10 chickens(half male and half female)in each replicate.The control group is fed with a basic diet,and the experimental group adds 0.3% to the control group0.5% and 0.8% compound traditional Chinese medicine.The test period was 42 days.During the period,the live weight and daily feed intake of broilers were measured.Before slaughter,the body size traits of broilers were measured,and the serum was separated by blood collection from the wing vein to determine the serum biochemical indexes.By comparing the differences in growth performance and serum biochemical indexes of broilers,the control group and the optimal group of compound Chinese medicine were selected for metabolomics analysis,and the genes regulating the differential metabolites were screened for RT-PCR detection in the chest muscle,duodenum,spleen,thymus,bursa of Fabricius and liver tissues,in order to provide reference for the application of compound Chinese medicine in chicken production.The research results are as follows:1.The growth performance of broilers was measured and analyzed.The addition of different doses of compound Chinese medicine increased the live weight,average daily gain,average daily feed intake,body length,keel length,chest depth and chest width of broilers,and reduced the Feed conversion rate of broilers.Compared with NC group,the chest width and live weight of broilers at 35 days of age in CML group were significantly increased(P < 0.05).The live weight,average daily gain,average daily feed intake,body length and chest depth of broilers in CMM group were significantly increased at 28,35 and 42 days of age(P < 0.05).There was no significant difference in the ratio of feed to weight,tibia length,tibia circumference and pelvic width between the groups(P >0.05).2.There was no significant difference in albumin and globulin content in serum biochemical indexes of broilers(P > 0.05).The serum uric acid content in CML group was significantly lower than that in NC group(P < 0.01),and the alanine aminotransferase activity was significantly lower than that in NC group(P < 0.05).The serum total protein content of CMM group was significantly higher than that of NC group(P < 0.05),the uric acid content was significantly lower than that of NC group(P <0.01),the alanine aminotransferase activity was significantly lower than that of NC group(P < 0.05),and the aspartate aminotransferase activity was significantly lower than that of NC group and CML group(P < 0.05).Serum AST activity in CMH group was significantly lower than that in NC group(P < 0.05).3.Based on the comparative analysis of growth performance and serum biochemical indexes,the effect of CMM group was better.The cecal contents of broilers in NC group and CMM group were selected for metabolomics analysis.The results showed that 19 differential metabolites such as β-sitosterol,carnosine and(S)-abscisic in cecum of chickens in CMM group were significantly up-regulated,and 14 differential metabolites such as inosine,5-dehydroavenasterol and chenodeoxycholic acid were significantly down-regulated.KEGG enrichment analysis of differential metabolites showed that these differential metabolites were mainly enriched in β-alanine metabolism,lysine degradation,ABC transporters,steroid biosynthesis,biosynthesis of plant secondary metabolites and biofilm formation-pseudomonas aeruginosa signaling pathways.Among them,SMOX,CARNS1,SRM,DHCR24,LANCL2 and PPARγ genes were screened around the up-regulated differential metabolites.RT-PCR detection showed that these genes were highly expressed in the pectoral muscle,duodenum,spleen,thymus,bursa of Fabricius and liver tissues of the experimental chickens in the CMM group,and there was a significant positive correlation with the abundance of differential metabolites in cecal contents.In summary,the compound Chinese medicine composed of angelica,wolfberry,yam and schisandra can improve the ability of broiler liver to synthesize protein and improve its growth performance,and the addition of 0.5 % compound Chinese medicine to the diet is the best.0.5 % compound Chinese medicine can affect the intestinal microbial β-alanine metabolism,lysine degradation,ABC transporter,steroid biosynthesis,biosynthesis of plant secondary metabolites and biofilm formation-Pseudomonas aeruginosa signaling pathway in broilers.The relative expression of the selected genes was consistent with the abundance of differential metabolites.SMOX and SRM genes were related to intestinal development and intestinal immunity.CARNS1 gene was related to meat quality.DHCR24 gene was related to lipid metabolism.LANCL2 and PPARγ genes were related to immune regulation and lipid metabolism. |
