The Historical Process Of Irrigation And Water Conservancy Construction In Chongqing In The First 30 Years Of New China And Its Current Enlightenment(1949-1978)

Although water conservancy is only a branch of socialist construction,but as the "lifeblood" of agriculture,it is an important infrastructure to realize socialist modernization,so it occupies an important position in the socialist construction in the first 30 years of new China.This paper not only deepens and expands the research on the history of water resources,but also clearly demonstrates the correctness and scientificity of the Party’s leadership.It can also provide experience reference for the future development of Chinese farmland water conservancy and provide more historical data for ideological and political education resources.The main frame of this paper is divided into five parts.The first chapter is the introduction,which mainly expounds the basis of the topic selection and research significance,sorts out the research status at home and abroad,and discusses the research methods and key and difficult points.It is worth mentioning that the fifth chapter on the advanced spirit of water conservancy industry is a major innovation of this paper,because most of the past water conservancy history studies tend to water conservancy policy research and water conservancy engineering research as the main object,and this paper attaches great importance to the cultural spiritual value and ideological and political education value contained in the water conservancy industry,strengthen the emphasis on this part of the content.In the Oriental social theory,Marx and Engels believed that China,as a big river civilization,was a cyclic "mummy preserved in a closed coffin" without fundamental progress.If it wanted to cross the "Kaftin Gorge",it must take the lead to realize the modernization of agricultural water conservancy and transportation infrastructure.Lenin Stalin advocated the theory of one country revolution,focusing on domestic construction,insisting that "communism is the Soviet regime plus the electrification of the whole country",attaching great importance to the water conservancy construction of the Soviet Union,and relying on the socialist system greatly accelerated the water conservancy modernization of the Soviet Union,which laid a solid foundation for its agricultural and industrial modernization.Zhou Enlai also put forward the important guiding ideology of water control first,relying on the masses and experts,seeking truth from facts,etc.The third chapter,from the perspective of practice,summarized the historical process of the tortuous development of Chongqing irrigation and water conservancy in this period in a chronological order,which was divided into five stages,including vigorous rectification and restoration of the original project(1949-1952),gradual construction of new engineering facilities(1953-1957),blooming all over the place,and groping forward(1958-1961).Rectification,consolidation,supporting,renewal(1962-1965),after a pause of several years gradually resumed(1966-1978).As farmland water conservancy is the infrastructure that the Party and the government focus on,it is also closely related to the domestic political and economic trend,and basically corresponds to the stage division of the first 30 years of New China’s history.The fourth chapter mainly summarizes the experience of this period of historical gains and losses.In the first ten years of new China,Chongqing has made great achievements in the construction of irrigation and water conservancy,but the lessons in its exploration process can not be ignored.The most fundamental and most principled guiding experiences are as follows: adhere to the Party’s leadership over water conservancy,adhere to the people’s supremacy,adhere to self-revolution in farmland water conservancy,and improve the level of water conservancy science,technology and management.Among them,the first two points mainly reflect what kind of construction of farmland water conservancy should be realized,which has fundamental and directional guiding function;The last two points mainly summarize how to adhere to and develop the construction of irrigation and water conservancy,which has an important guiding function on methodology.The fifth chapter mainly excavates enough advanced deeds from the history of water conservancy construction,and extracts four representative advanced spirits,hoping to condense cultural values to enrich the advanced socialist culture,including"self-reliance,hard work;Unity and cooperation,brainstorming;Be down-to-earth and of one mind.These precious advanced spirits can provide the young people of the new era with the value guidance and spiritual inspiration of building on the momentum,being active and forging ahead in unity.They not only provide the spiritual impetus for the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation,but also provide precious resources for ideological and political education.