Spatial Pattern And Causes Of Non-grain Conversion On Cultivated Land In Southern Jiangxi

Cultivated land as an important natural resource of agricultural production is very important to ensure our food security.China’s hilly and mountainous counties account for about 2/3 of the total land area,and the cultivated land area accounts for about 1/3 of the whole country.The cultivated land resources of the hills and mountains areas has a non-negligible status in China.In recent years,the phenomenon of"non-grained"is widespread and intensifying,and fruit tree cultivation is a typical type of"non-grained"in southern Jiangxi.Although the"non-grain"of cultivated land can increase of farmers’income and promoting rural revitalization,but can also threaten grain security.Therefore,clarifying the current situation and causes of"non-grained"of cultivated land,is a realistic demand for reasonable prevention and control of"non grain"of cultivated land.This paper select a typical hills and mountains area in the south of Jiangxi Province.Firstly,the quantitative and spatial evolution of"non-grained"in southern Jiangxi from 1995 to 2019 is revealed by using socio-economic data.Secondly,taking Longnan City in southern Jiangxi as an example,based on the data of the third nation resource survey and household questionnaire survey,to reveal the quantity,type and spatial distribution of"non-grained"in Longnan City.Furthermore,taking Longnan City as an example,aims to reveal the spatial distribution and driving mechanism of cultivated land conversion of typical"non-grained"type in southern Jiangxi.Finally,based on the research results,reasonable control suggestions are put forward for the"non-grained".The main conclusions are as follows:（1）From the overall situation of"Non-grain"cultivated land in southern Jiangxi,during 1995-2019,the"Non-grain"rate of cultivated land in southern Jiangxi is higher than the national average level.In terms of the overall quantity,the rate and area of the"non-grained"in southern Jiangxi showed a trend of"decreasing and increasing".In terms of spatial pattern,there were significant differences in the"non grain"rate and area spatial pattern of cultivated land.The areas with high"non grain"rate of cultivated land have been transferred from the northeast and west regions to the southwest regions,while the distribution positions of counties with low"non grain"rate of cultivated land have been relatively stable in the southeast regions.In terms of the"non-grained"area,the distribution of the high value area gradually evolved from the northern and central areas to only one center in the north,while the distribution of the low value area was relatively stable,mainly in the western and southeastern areas.（2）In Longnan City,the rate of"non-grained"was as high as 68.64%.Among the three types of"non-grained",the highest rate of"non-grained"is in the category of no damage,and the second highest is in the category of more serious damage.In terms of spatial differentiation,the comprehensive"non-grained"rate,the no-damage category（A）,and the slight damage category（B₁）passed the spatial autocorrelation significance test,indicating a significant spatial clustering phenomenon.The causes of"non-grained"were comprehensively revealed from the scale of plots,farmers and villages.The results showed that plots,household characteristics and village conditions all had an impact on the rate of"non-grained".On the plot scale,statistical analysis showed that the fragmentation degree,slope and elevation of the"non-grained"plots of cultivated land are obvious.On the scale of farmer households,bivariate correlation analysis was used,and the results showed that the proportion of migrant workers,irrigation conditions of cultivated land,per capita income,age characteristics of household heads,and household assets were correlated with the"non-grained"rate,among which irrigation conditions of cultivated land and proportion of migrant workers were the main factors affecting the"non-grained"rate.On the village scale,multiple linear regression was used to reveal the factors affecting the"non-grained"rate in the village.The results showed that slope,elevation,residential area,and dry land ratio have a positive impact on the"non-grain"rate of comprehensive farmland in the village,while the protection of permanent basic farmland and irrigation conditions have a negative impact on the"non-grain"rate of comprehensive farmland in the village.（3）In Longnan City,the conversion rate of tilling-fruit was 9.1%,the maximum conversion rate of villages was 57.67%,and the number of farmland-fruit forest conversion patches was 988.The spatial variation of farmland-fruit forest conversion rate was obvious.The results of multiple linear regression showed that the proportion of orchard,irrigation conditions and the proportion of general farmland had a positive impact on the tilling-fruit conversion rate.The Slope,dry land ratio,living area and distance from municipal government have negative effects on the conversion rate.Secondly,the results of geographical weighted regression showed that the five influencing factors that passed the significance test had spatial heterogeneity in their impact on the"Farmland-fruit conversion"rate in different regions.