| China is a big producer and consumer of pork.Pig breeding industry plays an important role in Chinese agricultural production.The development of pig breeding industry is of great significance to alleviate the meat consumption demand of residents,and it is an important pillar to safeguard the people’s livelihood.Shandong Province is a big province of pig breeding in China.It is of great significance to improve the overall level of pig breeding in China,adjust the rural economic structure and maintain the sustained and stable growth of national economy to do a good job in pig breeding in Shandong Province.In this paper,literature review,comparative analysis and empirical analysis are adopted to study the current situation of pig breeding in Shandong Province,and the existing problems are discussed in depth.In order to reduce the cost of pig breeding and improve the efficiency of pig breeding,the theories and methods such as cost-benefit and economies of scale are applied.This paper focuses on the empirical study of the cost-effectiveness of pig breeding in Shandong Province from four aspects: concept definition and theoretical basis,description and explanation of the reality,the changing trend and characteristics of cost-effectiveness and efficiency,and countermeasures and suggestions for behavior improvement.The specific methods and conclusions are as follows:Firstly,the development status of pig breeding industry in Shandong Province was analyzed.Pork production in Shandong Province was on the rise from 2010 to 2018,but decreased significantly from 2019 to 2020.The household pork consumption showed an "M" shaped trend,with pork consumption accounting for more than 60% of meat consumption,and the household pork consumption of urban residents was higher than that of rural residents.The change trend of pig output and stock increased first,then decreased and then increased;The total number of pig farms(households)showed a downward trend,the number of free-range households was decreasing,and the number of large-scale farms continued to rise.Secondly,the cost-benefit of different scale pig breeding in Shandong Province was analyzed.In terms of the cost of pig breeding,the change trend of the total cost of the four scales of pig breeding in Shandong Province is basically the same from 2010 to 2020.The total cost of the four scales of pig breeding basically shows that the cost of free-range farming is the highest,followed by the small and medium-sized scale farming,the cost of large-scale farming is the lowest,and the degree of large-scale farming is inversely proportional to the cost of farming.The total cost of free-range pig rearing in Shandong Province is more advantageous than that of the national average.In terms of the benefit of pig breeding,the net profit of the four scales of pigs in Shandong Province was in the order of medium scale,large scale,small scale and free range from high to low,and only medium scale of pig breeding exceeded the national average level.Then,the production efficiency and environmental efficiency of pig breeding in Shandong Province were measured by empirical analysis.The results showed that the total factor productivity of the four scales of pig breeding in Shandong Province was on the rise,and the technical progress was the main reason for the improvement of production efficiency.The relationship between the scale of pig breeding and the total factor productivity was positive.Finally,in order to improve the efficiency of pig breeding in Shandong Province,the countermeasures and suggestions to improve the efficiency of pig breeding were put forward from three aspects: improving the scale level of pig breeding,optimizing the input of production factors of pig breeding and paying attention to the environmental pollution of pig breeding.To strengthen policy support;Support leading enterprises and play a leading role;Improve the organization model of "company + farmer";Popularize scientific feeding methods;Reduce labor costs;Improve the management level. |
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