| Selenium is an essential trace element for the human body,which plays a very important role in improving human immunity,preventing cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases and delaying aging.Since the human body cannot produce selenium independently,it can only be obtained from the outside world.Indirectly obtaining selenium in the form of the food chain through plant diet is the main way for the human body to absorb selenium.Soybean is the main cultivated grain and feed crop in my country.It is rich in nutrition and rich in various proteins,oils and amino acids required by the human body.It is an important part of my country’s agricultural industrial structure.Soybean seeds and their processed products are the dietary structure of Chinese residents.important part of.Soybean has a strong ability to absorb and enrich selenium,and is an ideal plant selenium-enriched carrier.There are various types of selenium fertilizers and soybean varieties in the market.Therefore,the effects of different selenium sources on the growth,grain and selenium content of different soybean varieties were studied.It is of great positive significance for the development of selenium-enriched soybean industry.In this experiment,sodium selenite and bio-organic selenium were used as the test selenium sources,and 6 soybean varieties(Huifeng 22,Zhonghuang 13,Zhonghuang 42,Nandou 5,Cuifan soybean and Zaoshu No.1)was the test variety,and the selenium foliar fertilizer with a concentration of 22.5g/hm~2was sprayed at the full bloom stage of soybean to study the effects of the two selenium fertilizers on the growth,selenium content and nutritional quality of different soybean varieties..The main findings are as follows:(1)The two selenium foliar fertilizers had a significant effect on the plant height of six soybean varieties.Compared with the CK treatment,the sodium selenite and organic selenium treatments increased the plant height by 9.61%and 8%on average,and in the sodium selenite treatment group.Among them,Huifeng No.22 had the highest growth in plant height,with a growth rate of 16.76%.In the organic selenium treatment group,Cuifan soybean increased the most,with a growth rate of10.87%;the two selenium foliar fertilizers had no significant effect on soybean stem diameter.differential impact.(2)Two kinds of selenium foliar fertilizers had a significant effect on the SPAD value of leaves of six soybean varieties.Compared with CK treatment,the average SPADA of leaves in the sodium selenite and organic selenium treatment groups increased by 6.4%.In the sodium selenite treatment group,Zaoshu No.1 The maximum increase in SPAD value of cultivar leaves was 9.5%,and the maximum increase in SPAD value of Cuifan soybean leaves in the organic selenium treatment group was 10.1%.(3)Two kinds of selenium foliar fertilizers had a significant effect on the100-grain weight of six soybean varieties.The 100-grain weight of the sodium selenite treatment group increased by 5.73%compared with the CK treatment group,and the100-grain weight of the organic selenium treatment group increased by 6.57%compared with the CK treatment group.The 100-grain reordering was:Nandou No.5>Zaoshu No.1>Zhonghuang 13>Cui Fan soybean>Zhonghuang 42>Huifeng No.22.(4)Two kinds of selenium foliar fertilizers had a significant effect on the yield of Huifeng No.22,Zhonghuang 42,Cuifan soybean and Zaoshu No.1.The average yield of sodium selenite treatment group increased by 5.87kg/667m~2compared with CK treatment group,and the yield rate was 3.25%,the average yield of the organic selenium treatment group increased by 6.58kg/667m~2compared with the CK treatment group,and the yield increase rate was 3.65%.There was no significant difference in the yield of Zhonghuang 13 and Nandou 5.The yield sequence was:Zhonghuang 13>Zaoshu No.1>Cui Fan soybean>Zhonghuang No.42>Huifeng No.22>Nandou No.5.(5)The two kinds of selenium foliar fertilizers had significant effects on the total selenium and organic selenium content of 6 soybean grains,and the total selenium and organic selenium content of soybean grains showed that the content of sodium selenite treatment group>organic selenium treatment group>CK treatment group,the grain The trend of organic selenium content was consistent with the trend of total selenium content,and the conversion efficiency of organic selenium was distributed between 82.9%and 87.8%.Overall,the total selenium content in the sodium selenite treatment group was increased by 352.8%on average compared with the CK treatment group;the total selenium content in the organic selenium treatment group was increased by 306.1%compared with the CK treatment group.It is Zhonghuang 13>Zaoshu No.1>Zhonghuang 42>Nandou No.5>Cui Fan Soybean>Huifeng No.22.(6)Two kinds of selenium foliar fertilizers had significant effects on the grain crude protein content of Huifeng No.22,Zhonghuang 42,Nandou No.5,Cuifan soybean and Zaoshu No.1 soybean,and the sodium selenite treatment group and the organic selenium treatment group 5 The grain crude protein content of soybean varieties was significantly higher than that of the control group.Among them,Huifeng No.22,Zhonghuang 42,Nandou No.5,and Zaoshu No.1 were the best ones treated with organic selenium.Compared with the CK treatment,the grain crude protein content increased by 0.63,respectively.%,0.92%,0.3%and 0.41%,Zhonghuang 13and Cuifan soybean varieties were the best under the sodium selenite treatment.Compared with the CK treatment group,the grain crude protein content increased by0.18%and 0.23%,respectively.It should be noted that Although there was no significant difference in the crude protein content of soybean grains of Zhonghuang 13soybean cultivar under the two treatments of West foliar fertilizers,the crude protein content of soybean grains still showed an increasing trend,which means that foliar spraying of selenium had an effect on the crude protein content of soybean grains.The increase has a promoting effect;foliar spraying of selenium has no significant effect on the crude fat content of soybean grains except Cuifan soybean.For Cuifan soybean,compared with the control group CK,the grain crude fat content increased by 0.32%.(7)In 2,selenium foliar fertilizer had no significant effect on the yield of wet tofu in 6 varieties,and the yield of wet tofu was mainly related to soybean varieties.Overall,the yield of wet tofu was between 185.4%and 207.2%;Under the treatment of sodium and organic selenium,the total selenium content of 1000g soybean seeds was between 0.1707～0.2593mg,and the total selenium content of wet tofu products was0.0836～0.1322mg.The total selenium content of wet tofu was the same as the total selenium content of soybean seeds.The selenium content was 0.0564～0.0952mg/kg;the highest selenium content in wet tofu was the Zaoshu No.1 soybean variety in the sodium selenite treatment group,and the highest selenium content in the bean dregs was the Zhonghuang 13 soybean variety in the sodium selenite treatment group;The total recovery rate of selenium is concentrated between 88.3%～91.4%.(8)There was no significant difference in the soymilk quality of soybean milk produced from soybean seeds of various varieties under different soybean-water ratios under different selenium treatments.There was a significant difference in the selenium content of soybean milk milled from soybean seeds of various varieties in the soybean milk produced under different soybean-water ratios.The selenium content of soybean milk produced by sodium selenite and organic selenium treatment group was significantly higher than that of control group CK.The increase of soybean-water ratio would reduce the selenium content of soybean milk.The soybean-water ratio was 1:6,1:8,1:10.The average selenium content of soybean milk was 0.0226,0.0175,and0.0143mg/kg,all of which did not meet the"Selenium Content Classification Standard for Selenium-Enriched Foods"(0.04～0.303 mg/kg).The selenium content of soymilk was 0.0397mg/kg under the ratio of 1:6,which is close to the standard of selenium-rich food.Therefore,it can be considered to further reduce the ratio of bean to water and increase the content of selenium in soymilk to meet the standard. |
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