Correlation Analysis Of Vaginal Microflora And Vaginal Environment Changes In Healthy And Infertile Simmental Cattle

In recent years,with the rapid development of China’s breeding industry,the incidence rate of reproductive diseases is also rising.Repeated infertility is a kind of reproductive diseases.There is few studies on the reproductive environment and reproductive tract of cattle.Therefore,this study tracked and monitored the vaginal epithelial cells,vaginal temperature and vaginal p H value of healthy Simmental cattle at each stage of estrous cycle(Proestrus、Estrus、Metestrus、Diestrus and Diestrus)and repeatedly infertile Simmental cattle,collected vaginal samples,and analyzed the vaginal flora by acegene sequencing method,To compare the differences of vaginal environment and vaginal flora between healthy Simmental cattle and infertile Simmental cattle in different periods of estrous cycle,and to explore the correlation between reproductive tract environment indexes and reproductive tract flora.The main tests are as follows:1.The changes of vaginal epithelial cells in different estrous stages of healthy and repeatedly matched infertile Simmental cattle were different.The proportion of nucleated epithelial cells in proestrus was the highest(P < 0.05),and the proportion of Cornified epithelial cells in estrus was the dominant(P <0.05).The proportion of leucocytes in Metestrus and Diestrus was significantly higher than that in Proestrus and Estrus(P < 0.05).There was no significant difference between healthy and repeatedly matched infertile cattle(P > 0.05).2.The vaginal temperature of healthy Simmental cattle reached the peak during estrus,which was significantly different from that of other periods(P < 0.05);There was a significant difference in vaginal temperature between infertile Simmental cattle and healthy Simmental cattle during pre estrus and estrus(P< 0.05).3.The change of vaginal p H value of healthy Simmental cattle in each period of estrous cycle is from alkaline to acidic and then to alkaline.The vaginal p H value of healthy Simmental cattle in estrous period is alkaline,which is significantly different from that in other periods(P < 0.05);There was significant difference in vaginal p H between healthy Simmental cattle and infertile Simmental cattle during estrus and late estrus(P < 0.05).4.The level of phylum in healthy group and repeatedly matched infertility group Firmicutes,Proteobacteria,Spirochaetes It is the dominant;phylum of the sample,and the abundance of Firmi cutes is the largest;at genus level Staphylococcus,Streptococcus,Anaplasma,Enterococcus It is th e dominant bacteria;Species level Staphylococcus＿aureus,Anaplasma＿phagocytophilum,Campylobac ter＿coli It is the dominant bacteria.5.The changes of vaginal epithelial cells,vaginal temperature and vaginal p H in different periods are different,and there is also a correlation between vaginal environment and vaginal flora.There was a significant positive correlation with spirochete and spirochete cells.Keratinized epithelial cells were significantly negatively correlated with Firmicutes.Leukocytes and viruses＿Noname,spirochaeteshe and unsigned eukaryotes were significantly negatively correlated.Vaginal p H and eukaryota＿Noname,basidiomycetes and ascomycetes were significantly negatively correlated.There are nuclear epithelial cells at the genus level Torovirus、Korravirus and Aliiarcobacter Significant positive correlation.Keratinocytes and Yaniella 、 Aliicoccus Significant positive correlation.Leukocytes and Alkalimonas Significant negative correlation.Vaginal temperature and Luz7 virus 、 Nepovirus 、Pokkaliibacter Significant positive correlation.vagina p H with Beijerinckia Significant negative correlation.Nucleated epithelial cells and Nitrosomonas-sp.＿Nm141 Significant positive correlation.Cornified epithelial cells and Salipaludibacillus-agaradhaerens 、 Polaribacter-reichenbachii Significant positive correlation.Vaginal temperature and Ruminococcus-bicirculans 、Rhizobium-sp.＿11515TR、Warrego＿virus、Bradyrhizobium＿sp.＿UFLA＿03-321、Bovine-alphaherpesvirus＿5和 Variovorax＿sp.＿DXTD-1 Significant positive correlation.Vaginal p H and Comamonadaceae-bacterium Significant negative correlation.The above research results show that: There are differences in vaginal environment,vaginal flora,genus and species composition between healthy and repeatedly matched infertile Simmental cattle,and there are correlations between them,as well as functional relationships.It provides a basis for exploring the etiology of repeated mating infertility in cattle,and also provides new ideas for follow-up treatment.