| Donkey industry is one of the traditional animal husbandry in the four prefectures of southern Xinjiang(Kashgar,Hotan,Aksu and Kezhou).Rich regional resources and abundant labor force provide a solid foundation for the development of donkey industry.Since donkey industry as a characteristic livestock and poultry industry contributes to rural revitalization,the local government attaches great importance to the development of donkey industry,and donkey industry has shown diversified development.Based on industrial organization theory,cooperative organization theory,transaction cost theory and industrial development theory,this paper studies the donkey industry development organization model in four prefectures of southern Xinjiang through field research,statistical description and analysis.This study summarizes and condenses typical cases of each development mode by visiting farmers,cooperatives,donkey processing and manufacturing industries and relevant government departments,taking the form of questionnaire survey and in-depth interview with key figures.First of all,from the perspective of breeding subject differences donkey industry can be divided into "Farmers’ free breeding","Large households’ breeding","Professional cooperatives + Foster care households’ breeding","Enterprises’ scale breeding","Enterprises’ breeding + Social breeding" model;Douglas production function was used to calculate the minimum economic scale of farming,and then it obtains the breeding threshold for entering or exiting the donkey breeding industry.At present,the donkey industry in southern Xinjiang includes donkey skin,donkey milk and donkey meat products,which are obviously dependent on the market outside Xinjiang.The market prices of local live donkeys and donkey products are directly affected by the market outside Xinjiang.The four prefectures of southern Xinjiang are supported by the government,and donkey enterprises seize the opportunity to form a small regional active market of buying and selling themselves.On the other hand,the price of donkey products is low,and the inventory scale continues to shrink under low production efficiency.In recent years,the local price of live donkeys has fluctuated greatly,and the number of donkeys has also fluctuated with it.The donkey industry in southern Xinjiang is in a period of volatile development.Various industrial organizations have different information acquisition ability and capital scale,and have different reactions in the market.By comparing the differences in breeding mode,profit model,stability,technical level and industrial chain of each model,the researching shows that the current advantage mode is "Enterprises’ breeding + Social breeding" model.From the perspective of industry management more efficient analysis that the advantage of future organization mode is "Enterprise processing + Social scale breeding" model,The model of "Farmers’ free breeding" has been completely squeezed out of the commercial business scope of the industry.Combined with the actual situation of the four prefectures in southern Xinjiang,this paper puts forward appropriate government intervention;Vigorously cultivate leading enterprises,social breeding form scale;Create a characteristic brand,stable product revenue;Strengthen personnel training,improve technical level;Integrate production,extend industrial chain development and other optimization suggestions. |
