Study On Reasonable Pricing Mechanism Of Rural Safe Drinking Water In Three Prefectures Of Southern Xinjiang

The rational formulation of water price is conducive to promoting the healthy development of water conservancy,safeguarding the legitimate rights and interests of water supply and consumption parties,establishing the optimal operation mechanism of water conservancy projects and promoting the system reform of water management units.At the same time,using economic balance regulation to improve the utilization rate of water resources is of great significance to meet the social and economic development and the continuous improvement of people’s living standards.Since 2016,rural water supply in Xinjiang has transitioned from free water supply to low charge and reasonable direction.However,the long-term calculation and collection method of "low water price +government subsidy" has led to the inversion of water supply price and cost,and there are difficulties in collecting water charges.Therefore,in order to avoid the situation that the water price is difficult to play its economic leverage,resulting in the unsustainable operation of the water supply project.This study aims to explore the pricing mechanism of rural safe drinking water,and understand the internal law of price formation by analyzing the influencing factors of pricing in typical counties in the three prefectures of Southern Xinjiang;According to the investigation of the affordability of beneficiary farmers and the standard estimation method,combined with relevant indicators,the rationality of price is evaluated from three aspects: economic efficiency,resource utilization and social equity;Further,using dynamic game theory,this paper systematically analyzes the decision-making process of water price and explores a more balanced rural water supply price from the perspective of the government and beneficiary farmers.In order to avoid the phenomenon of being trapped and returning to poverty due to water in southern Xinjiang,and improve the existing pricing method.This study selects three typical counties in the three prefectures of Southern Xinjiang,and finds the common unreasonable problems of their pricing mechanism.Firstly,from the perspective of economic efficiency,the main problems are: the collection of water resources fee does not comply with the policy of changing water resources fee into tax;The leakage rate of pipe network is not measured at the constituent cost,resulting in low water price;Unreasonable extraction of overhaul and depreciation expenses;The project has not clearly divided residential water and non residential water,resulting in unclear compensation,tax calculation and profit;Under the condition that the cost water price has not been recovered for the time being,the formulation of stepped water price is not reasonable.Secondly,from the perspective of resource utilization,considering the project carrying capacity of future population growth,the construction cost is high,and the overhaul and depreciation costs cause the water users to bear too much at this stage.Third,from the perspective of social equity,the calculation and collection standard of water price in southern Xinjiang is not high,rural residents have the ability to pay for water price,and more than half of the sample households said that the current water price and subsidies are reasonable.On the contrary,too low water price is easy to cause residents to pay no attention to water conservation,water resources protection and other serious problems.Finally,from the analysis of dynamic game pricing model,at this stage,the rural water supply price of typical counties in the three prefectures of Southern Xinjiang can increase in the range of 1.652-2.037 yuan / m3,which is close to the cost water price of typical counties in the three prefectures of Southern Xinjiang at this stage,and also in the range of full cost operation water price.Combined with the investigation and calculation of farmers’ economic affordability and willingness to pay,it can be seen that the water supply price of rural drinking water safety projects should gradually take the principle of full cost recovery,and then gradually pursue a small amount of profit.