Effects Of Dietary Cos On Immune Performance,antioxidant Capacity And Intestinal Development Of White Feathered King Gigeons

The experiment aims to study the effects of different amounts of chitosan oligosaccharide on white king pigeons.The effects contain the production performance,the slaughtering performance,serum biochemical indexes,serum immunity and antioxidant properties,intestinal microflora and gene expression related to intestinal barrier.The experiment aims to explore how much the chitosan oligosaccharide improves the production,immunity and intestinal health.Two hundred and forty white king pigeons was selected for the experiment.They are all 28 days old,in good physical condition and close weigh.These white king pigeons was randomly divided into 4 groups,including one control groups and three experimental groups.Five replicates were set in each group and each replicate contained 12 white king pigeons.The control group was the basic diet group.There were 100,200 and400 mg/kg chitosan oligosaccharide additionally added on the other experimental groups.The experimental groups contain COSL group、COSM group、COSH group.The pre-test was 7 days and the trial period was 8 weeks.The results are as follows:1)During the whole trial period,the addition of different amounts of chitosan oligosaccharide can improve the production performance of white king pigeons.Compared with the control group,the other experimental groups significantly reduced the material-to-weight ratio,improved the feed conversion rate of white king pigeons(P<0.05).The feed conversion rate were higher with the increase of chitosan oligosaccharide.During the whole trial period,the addition of chitosan oligosaccharide could improve the slaughtering performance of white king pigeons.Compared with the control group,the other experimental groups significantly increased the full clearance rate and semi-clearance rate(P<0.05)of white king pigeons,but there was no significant difference between the experimental groups.2)The addition of different amounts of chitosan oligosaccharide in feed grains can increase the content of Ig G,Ig A,Ig M,ALB,GLB and TP in the serum and reduce the content of TNFα in the serum.Compared with the control group,the COSM group significantly increased the ALB,GLB(P<0.05)content,and greatly increased the TP(P<0.01).Compared with the control group,the COSH group significantly increased the GRB(P<0.05)content.The ALB and TP(P<0.01)were significantly increased in the COSH group compared with the COSM group(P<0.05).3)The addition of different amounts of chitosaccharides to the feed grain can increase the Ig G,Ig A and Ig M content in the serum.The content of Ig G,Ig A and Ig M(P<0.01)was significantly increased in the COSM group and COSH group compared with the control group.The TNFα content(P<0.05)was significantly reduced in the COSH group compared with the COSM group.The addition of different amounts of chitosaccharides to feed grains can increase the content of T-AOC,SOD,GSH-PX and CAT in the serum,and reduce the content of MAD in the serum.Compared with the control group and COSL group,the content of T-AOC,SOD,GSH-PX and CAT(P<0.01)was increased to varying degrees in the experimental groups.Compared with the control group and COSL group,the content of GSH-PX in the COSM group was significantly higher than that in the COSM group(P<0.01).There was no significant difference between the control group and the COSL group.4)Adding different amounts of chito-oligosaccharide to feed grains can improve the structure of the intestinal morphology of white-feathered king pigeons.Compared with the control group,the villonic height of the duodenum of the white king pigeon(P<0.01)was significantly increased in the experimental group.The ratio of the villus height/crypt depth of the duodenum of the white king pigeon was significantly increased in the COSH group compared with the control group(P<0.05).The height of the villus of the empty intestine of the white king pigeon was significantly increased in the experimental groups compared with the control group(P<0.01).The COSM group significantly increased the depth of the crypt of the jejunum of the white king pigeon(P<0.01)compared with the control group.The COSL group significantly increased The ratio of the villonic height/crypt depth of the jejunum of the white king pigeon compared with the control group(P<0.05).The COSM group increased the ratio of the villonic height/crypt depth of the jejunum of the white king pigeon compared with the control group(P<0.01).5)The addition of different amounts of chitosan oligosaccharide in the feed can improve the expression of duodenum,ileal ZO-1,Occludin and Claudin-1 genes to varying degrees.Compared with the control group,the expression of the duodenal tight junction protein Claudin m RNA in the COSH group has a significant upregulation(P<0.01).The COSH group has a significant increase in the expression of the duodenal tight junction protein Claudin m RNA in the white king pigeon compared with the COSL group and the COSM group The expression of m RNA was significantly upregulated(P<0.05)and there was no significant difference between the COSL group,the COSM group and the control group.Compared with the control group,the expression of Occludin m RNA of the duodenal compact protein Occludin m RNA of white king pigeons was upregulated(P<0.01)in the COSL group and COSM group,the expression of duodenal compact protein Occludin m RNA(P<0.05)was significantly increased,the COSH group was higher than the COSM group,and reached a significant level(P<0.05),and there was no significant difference(P>0.05)between the COSH group and the COSM group.Compared with the control group,the expression of Zo-1 m RNA of the duodenal compact protein of white king pigeons was upregulated in the COSH group(P<0.01),and there was no significant difference between the control group,the COSH group and the COSM group(P>0.05).Compared with the control group,COSL group and COSM group,the expression of Claudin m RNA of the jejunal compact protein of white king pigeons was upregulated(P<0.01)in the control group,COSL group and COSM group,and there was no significant difference(P>0.05).Compared with the control group,the expression of Occludin m RNA of the empty compact protein of white king pigeons was upregulated(P<0.05)in the co SH group and there was no significant difference between the control group and the COSL group and the COSH group(P> 0.05)。 Compared with the control group,the expression of Zo-1 m RNA of the white king pigeon jejunum compact protein Zo-1 m RNA was upregulated in the COSH group(P<0.05),and the expression of the white king pigeon jejunal compact protein Zo-1 m RNA was significantly upregulated(P<0.01)compared with the COSL group and the COSM group.6)Alpha diversity analysis of the ileum and microorganisms by adding chitosan to the diet found no significant differences among the test groups;among them,increasing the proportion of the phylum Aspergillus and Actinobacteria in the ileum at the phylum level,and increasing the proportion of Pseudomonas spp.and Enterococcus spp.in the ileum at the genus level.The effect of adding chitosan was better than that of the control group.In summary,the addition of chitosan oligosaccharide to the diet can improve the production performance,immune function and antioxidant capacity of the white king pigeon.It can also stimulate the expression of genes related to the intestinal barrier,regulate the intestinal microflora and improve the intestinal and body health.Under the conditions of this experiment,the overall effect of the experimentalgroup was better than the control group.The most appropriate amount of chitosan oligosaccharide is 400mg/kg at presen...