| The purpose of this experiment was to study the effects of different proportions of tea residues on the growth performance,slaughter performance,serum biochemical indexes,antioxidant capacity,intestinal development and cecal intestinal flora of Zhedong White Goose.To explore the effect of tea residues on improving production,immune function and economic benefits,and screening out the appropriate dosage,and additive dose to provide a reference for the application of tea residues in meat goose breeding.A total of 120 21-day-old Zhedong White geese were randomly divided into 4 treatments with 3 replicates and 10 for each replicate.The control group was fed the basal diet,while the treated groups were fed the basal diet with 10,15,20% tea residue,respectively.Feed and water were provided ad libitum for 49 days.The results were as follows:1)The average daily feed intake of the 15% tea residue group was slightly lower than that of the control group.However,there was no significant difference in the feed to gain ratio between the groups(P>0.05).2)Compared with the control group,the percentage of breast muscle in the 15% tea residue group was increased by 17.81%,and the percentage of leg muscle in 20% tea residue group was increased by17.59%.However,there was no significant difference(P>0.05).3)Compared with the control group,IL-1β,IL-2,TNF-α,IL-4,Ig A,Ig G and Ig M in other experimental groups were significantly decreased(P <0.05);the IL-1β,IL-2 and TNF-α,contrnts were significantly different from other groups(P<0.01);Compared with the control group,IL-4 in 15% tea residue group and 20% tea residue group was significantly increased(P < 0.01).Serum biochemical indexes in the control group were significantly increased in Ig A Ig M in 15% tea residue group compared with other groups(P < 0.01);Compared with the control group,Ig G in 20% tea residue group was significantly increased(P<0.01).4)Compared with the control group,the T-AOC(total antioxidant capacity),SOD(superoxide dismutase),CAT(catalase),GSH-Px(glutathione peroxidase)and MDA(malondialdehyde)contrnts were significantly different from other groups(P<0.01).5)Lipid metabolism there were no significant differences in triglyceride(TG),total cholesterol(TC)and free fatty acid(NFFA)between the control group and experimental groups(P>0.05).6)Compared with the control group,the villus height crypt depth and villus crypt ratio of duodenum jejunum and ileum in the 20% tea residue group were increased.However,there were highly significant7)differences among the indexes(P<0.01).8)There was no significant difference in cecal intestinal flora between the control group and each group(P >0.05),but with the increase of tea residue supplemental level.bacteroidetes and Firmicutes gradually increased,proteobacteria gradually decreased;At the genus level,bacteroides and Ruminococcus gradually increased,while desulphurvibrio gradually decreased.In conclusion,adding tea residue to the diet can’t affecting the normal growth performance,meanwhile the diet can improve immunity and antioxidant capacity,stimulate the intestinal morphology development,and improve the cecum intestinal microflora and body health of Zhedong White Geese under the conditions of this experiment,replacing some feed materials with tea residue had no adverse effect on the production of Zhedong White Geese except that the ratio of feed to gain in the 20%group was slightly higher than that in the control group.And there are still advantages in considering the cost of tea residue leaves.Therefor the feeding cost could be reduced,and economic benefit could be improved.At the same time,under this test conditions,the optimal addition amount of the tea residue group was 20%. |
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