| Yunwutea from Tiantai Mountion(YYTM)is a famous green tea in Zhejiang Province,which is not only fragrant and mellow,but also rich in a variety of active ingredients,widely loved by people.However,in recent years,due to the single planting mode and excessive use of pesticides and fertilizers,the problems of soil compaction,soil fertility decline,low quality and yield of tea have become more and more significant,which seriously restrict the development of tea garden and tea industry.In addition,seasonal changes and typhoon disturbance are also important environmental factors affecting the development of tea plantations and tea quality,and the picking of spring tea is the most common,but the development and utilization of summer and autumn tea is not deep enough.And the southeast coastal mountains of Zhejiang were frequently attacked by typhoons in summer and autumn,but so far there is still no research report on the impact of typhoon interference on the active ingredients of tea.Therefore,this paper compared the four artificial ecological compound tea garden management modes of forest-tea intercropping,microbial fertilizer application in tea garden,chicken raising in tea garden,fruit-tea intercropping(persimmon-tea intercropping,waxberry-tea intercropped)with the monoculture pure tea garden management mode,discussed whether the artificial ecological compound management mode of tea garden has more development advantages,and compared the management mode more suitable for the development of southeast coastal mountain tea garden.At the same time,the mode of tea plantation of secondary forest without artificial management and natural growth was studied,and the changes of effective components content of tea were analyzed from three gradients of undergrowth,forest edge and outside forest,so as to enhance people’s understanding of the growth status of tea plants.Then,through the study of spring,summer and autumn tea effective components of the changes in differences,more systematically clarify the seasonal changes on the effective components of tea,to help people better understand and better development and utilization of summer and autumn tea.In order to understand the problem of typhoon disturbance correctly and provide scientific theoretical basis and data support for improving the resistance of tea garden to typhoon disturbance in the future,this paper studied the changes of effective components of tea in forest-tea intercropping,microbial fertilizer application in tea garden,chicken raising in tea garden and pure tea garden before and after the passage of typhoon fireworks in the summer of 2021.In this paper,the fresh leaves of Yunwu tea(one bud and two leaves)from Tiantai Mountain in Zhejiang Province were used as experimental materials.The contents of tea polyphenols,gallic acid,catechin,theaflavins,tea polysaccharides,free amino acids,theanine,ratio of tea polyphenols to amino acids,vitamin C and caffeine were determined by ultraviolet spectrophotometer and high performance liquid chromatography.The main results are as follows:(1)Compared with pure tea plantation,intercropping of forest and tea decreased the ratio of phenol to ammonia in spring tea,and increased the contents of theaflavins and caffeine in summer tea and the content of theanine in autumn tea;The application of microbial fertilizer in tea garden reduced the ratio of tea phenol to ammonia in spring and autumn,and increased the content of caffeine in summer tea and polysaccharide in autumn tea;Raising chicken in tea garden decreased the ratio of tea phenol to ammonia in spring,summer and autumn;Persimmon-tea intercropping and bayberry tea intercropping reduced the ratio of tea polyphenols to tea amino acid in spring tea,and bayberry tea intercropping reduced the content of tea polyphenols and increased the content of theanine in autumn tea.The content of caffeine in spring tea decreased and the content’ of free amino acid and theanine in summer tea increased under secondary forest in tea garden.(2)The contents of polyphenols and tea polysaccharides increased with the change of seasons,except that the contents of polyphenols in autumn tea of forest-tea intercropping and fruit-tea intercropping decreased;The relative chlorophyll content of tender tea leaves in secondary forest tea garden and fruit-tea intercropping showed an upward trend with seasonal changes;The light quality of secondary forest decreased from spring and summer to autumn;The light quality of persimmon tea intercropping garden was autumn>spring>summer,the light quality of waxberry tea intercropping garden had no significant seasonal difference,and the light quality of pure tea monoculture garden was spring>autumn>summer;The contents of amino acids and vitamin C in tea decreased with the change of seasons;The ratio of tea phenol to ammonia was the lowest in spring and the highest in autumn;The content of caffeine in tea varied in the order of summer>autumn>spring.(3)The contents of tea polyphenols,gallic acid,catechin and tea polysaccharides increased first and then decreased,and the content of vitamin C decreased and then increased;The contents of catechin and vitamin C in tea leaves from chickens in tea garden showed an increasing trend;The total content of free amino acids in tea increased first and then decreased,and the increase was most significant during the typhoon;The content of theanine in tea leaves of forest-tea intercropping increased after decreased;The ratio of phenol to ammonia in tea decreased and then increased;Tea caffeine content in tea garden chicken no significant difference in other tea garden management model showed a downwardtrend.On the whole,raising chicken in tea garden,intercropping bayberry with tea and applying microbial fertilizer in tea garden had the best effect on improving tea quality.The contents of amino acids and vitamins in spring tea were higher,and the contents of polyphenols and caffeine were lower,while the contents of polyphenols and caffeine in summer and autumn tea were higher.Typhoon fireworks interference improved the quality of summer tea.This study provides a theoretical basis and scientific reference for the future development of tea garden management mode,the development of summer and autumn tea and the interference of typhoon on the effective components of tea. |
