| The grapevine spotted leafhopper,also known as the grapevine two-star leafhopper,is an extremely serious pest to grape production.At the eastern foot of the Helan Mountains in Ningxia,it has been regarded as an important target for control in the production of wine grapes.n this study,we clarified the insect characteristics,spatial distribution patterns and field growth patterns of the spotted leafhopper,on the basis of this,we had systematically carried out research on grapevine spotted leafhopper sticky board control,screening and field application techniques of low toxicity and high efficiency chemical and biological pesticides,which provides a theoretical basis for the green control of grapevine spotted leafhopper.The results of the study were as follows:1.Grapevine spotted leafhopper adults were of two types,yellowish white and yellowish brown,where the overwintering adults were all yellowish brown,and the wakeflies had a total of 5 instars.The insect occurred in the eastern foot of the Helan Mountains for three generations a year,overwintering in the form of adults and becoming active in late March of the following year.The overwintering generation moved out of the overwintering site in the early-mid April and then sucked the sap of pears,apricots,mulberries,dates,aspens and elms.It moved to the wine grapes to harm them in early May and continued until early November.In the life history of the spotted leafhopper,the generations overlapped throughout the year,except for the first generation of the insects;and the insects were mainly active in the lower and middle parts of the plant during the entire growth cycle of the wine grapes.2.The results of the Iwao regression test were found to be consistent with those of Taylor’s power rule and several different aggregation indicators by investigating the distribution patterns of adult grapevine spotted leafhopper and worm,which indicated that adult grapevine spotted leafhopper and worm were aggregated and distributed in the vineyards of the eastern foot of Helan Mountains.The results of field sampling showed that the Z-shaped method was appropriate for adult grape-spotted leafhoppers and the parallel jumping method was appropriate for juveniles.3.The results of the sticky board test showed that the yellow sticky board had the best trapping effect on grape-spotted leafhopper,followed by green,then blue,and black had the worst effect.The highest number of insects were trapped in early July,more in late May and August,and the least in early September throughout the year.The number of spotted leafhoppers in the middle of the vineyard field was higher than the number at the edges.The number of spotted leafhoppers at a height of 0.4 m above the ground(the first wire from the bottom to the top of the vineyard)was higher than the other heights.The multi-factor ANOVA demonstrated that sticky board color,hanging orientation,hanging height and sample site all had highly significant effects on the trapping effect of spotted leafhopper.Therefore,the following conclusion was obtained,namely,the yellow sticky board hanging at 0.4 m of the grape frame(the first wire from the bottom to the top of the grape frame)and the middle position of the field had the best effect on the grape spotted leafhopper trapping.4.By comparing the indoor virulence measurements of six agents against the grapewine spotted leafhopper,it was found that 70%imidacloprid aqueous dispersible granules had the highest virulence index of 0.212 against its 3rd instar flies,followed by 1.5%pyrethrin aqueous emulsion at 0.217.The field efficacy test showed that 70%imidacloprid water dispersible granules and 1.5%pyrethrin water emulsion had good control effect on grapevine spotted leafhopper. |
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