Effects Of Silicon Application On Lodging Resistance And Seed Yield Of Oat

After the lodging of oats,the yield decreases,the quality declines,and the harvest is difficult,making the lodging a problem that needs to be solved urgently in the production of oats.Therefore,this study selected two lodging oat materials,Qingyin No.2 and QYJ507,as the research objects.By setting different silicon fertilizer treatments(0 kg·hm^-2、45 kg·hm^-2、90 kg·hm^-2、135 kg·hm^-2),the morphological characteristics of oat root,stem phenotypic characters,and stem mechanics were analyzed under different levels of silicon fertilizer.Differential changes in characteristics and seed yield,discussing the effect of silicon fertilizer on lodging resistance and seed yield of oat,clarifying the optimal application amount of silicon fertilizer for different oat materials,and providing scientific basis for lodging resistance research and cultivation and utilization of oat.The main results are as follows:（1）The application of silicon fertilizer effectively reduced the lodging area of oats,reducing the lodging grade of oats,and enhancing the lodging resistance of oats.Compared with no silicon application,the lodging grade of Qingyin No.2 and QYJ507 reduced by 1～2 grades,the Qingyin No.2 apparent lodging rate under the low silicon fertilizer treatment(45 kg·hm^-2)was reduced by 22.01%,and the medium silicon fertilizer treatment(90 kg·hm^-2)decreased by 12.99%,and the high silicon fertilizer treatment(135 kg·hm^-2)decreased by 16.88%;the QYJ507 apparent lodging rate under the low silicon fertilizer treatment decreased by 27.27%,decreased by27.27%under the treatment of medium-silicon fertilizer,and decreased by 9.10%under the treatment of high-silicon fertilizer.（2）Changes of plant height between Qingyin No.2 and QYJ507 after applying Si were different.After application of silicon in the field test,the plant height of Qingyin No.2 increased compared with that without application of silicon,but the difference was not significant;The plant heights of Qingyin No.2 and QYJ507were significantly reduced after silicon application in pot experiments compared with those without silicon application.The stem morphological characteristics of oats are related to lodging resistance,after the application of silicon,Qingyin No.2 and QYJ507 shortened the node length of the second and third stems,thickened the stem,and thickened the wall thickness.Among them,Qingyin No.2 performed better in the above-mentioned indicators under the low-silicon fertilizer treatment,and QYJ507performed better in the above-mentioned indicators under the high-silicon fertilizer treatment.With the passage of the growth period,the second and third stem nodes at the base increased in length,and the stem thickness and wall thickness increased.（3）The mechanical characteristics of stems of oats are related to lodging resistance.After silicon application,the mechanical properties of Qingyin No.2 and QYJ507 are significantly improved compared with those without silicon application.And the lodging resistance index of the two oat materials changed in the same way,which showed that the lodging resistance index at the flowering stage was greater than that at the milk maturity stage.The lodging resistance index of the second stem node was greater than that of the third stem node.Among them,Qingyin No.2 had better mechanical properties under low-silicon fertilizer treatment,and QYJ507 had better mechanical properties under medium-silicon fertilizer treatment.（4）Compared with no application of silicon,application of silicon significantly increased the content of structural carbohydrates and trace elements in the basal stems of Qingyin No.2 and QYJ507.The contents of crude fiber,lignin and trace elements in the basal stems of QYJ507 all showed a trend of first increasing and then decreasing.Among them,Qingyin No.2 reached the maximum value under low-silicon fertilizer treatment,and QYJ507 reached the maximum value under medium-silicon fertilizer treatment.With the passage of growth period,the crude fiber,silicon and potassium contents in oat stalks decreased gradually,while the lignin,calcium and magnesium contents increased gradually.（5）The root morphological characteristics of oats are related to lodging resistance,Silicon application significantly increased dry weight of root fresh,length of root,root surface area,root volume,root diameter and root tip number of the two oat materials,Enhance lodging resistance of oats.Qingyin No.2 had the best root traits under low-silicon fertilizer treatment,and QYJ507 had the best root traits under medium-silicon fertilizer treatment.（6）The yield components of the two oat materials increased significantly after silicon application:panicle weight,spikelet number,seed number of spike,seed weight of spike weight,thousand-grain weight and seed yield.Under the treatment of low silicon fertilizer,the seed yield of Qingyin No.2 was the highest,reaching2323.08 kg·hm^-2;under the treatment of medium silicon fertilizer,the seed yield of QYJ507 was the highest,reaching 2038.43 kg·hm^-2.