Effects Of Silicon Application On Lodging Resistance And Yield Of Rice

Rice is a major food crop and a typical silicon rich crop.Studies have shown that foliar sprays of silica have a positive impact on the growth and development of rice,and the folding resistance of stems and lodging resistance were enhanced,thus the yield could be improved.In this experiment,japonica rice Zhongkefa 5 was used as the research object,Four silicon preparation,Si-50 G,Si-60 G,Si-TG and Si-EG,were sprayed on rice at tillering and booting stages,rice fibrous matter content,rice stem morphological indicators,stem fracture resistance,plant silicon content,phytolith content and phytolith-occluded-carbon(Phyt OC)content were measured at the flush stage,yield was measured at maturity,bending torque,lodging index and Phyt OC production flux were calculated.To investigate the effects of silicon preparation sprayed at different stages in rice on resistance to lodging,carbon sink capacity of phytolith and yield.The results of the study provide a theoretical basis for revealing the mechanism of the role of silicon in improving lodging resistance of rice,the regulatory effect of silicon application on rice phytolith carbon sink,and the rational application of silicon preparations to promote rice yield increase.The findings of the study are as follows:(1)The lodging resistance of rice could be improved by spraying silicon.Compared with the CK,significant increased in cellulose content after silica preparation treatment,both periods were sprayed with Si-TG treatment for best results,they improved by 9.7%and 7.59%,respectively.Significant increased in lignin content after silica preparation treatment,Si-50 G at tiller stage and Si-TG at booting stage were the best treatments,they improved by 28.56%and 16.08%,respectively.Significant increased in stem fracture resistance after silica preparation treatment,Si-60 G at tiller stage and Si-50 G at booting stage were the best treatments,they improved by 12.56% and 9.43%,respectively.Significant reduction in lodging index after silica preparation treatment,Si-TG at tiller stage and Si-50 G at booting stage were the best treatments,they reduced by 21.46% and 10.06%,respectively.The silica preparation treatment significantly increased plant stem thickness by 4.52%-10.69%,wall thickness by 19.41%-20.43%,plant height by 7.27%-14.26%,internode length by 6.68%-18.45%.(2)The carbon sink capacity of phytolith could be improved by spraying silicon.Compared with the CK,Significant increased in phytolith content of stem and leaf organs after silica preparation treatment,both periods were sprayed with Si-50 G treatment for best results.Steam reduced by 17.71% and 17.07%,respectively.Leaf reduced by 23.23% and 25.68%,respectively.Significant increased in Phyt OC content of stem and leaf organs after silica preparation treatment.For steams,both periods were sprayed with Si-TG treatment for best results,they reduced by 50.97%and 45.61%,respectively.For leaves,Si-50 G at tiller stage and Si-TG at booting stage were the best treatments,they reduced by 32.89% and 47.73%,respectively.Significant increased in Phyt OC production flux content of stem and leaf organs after silica preparation treatment,both periods were sprayed with Si-TG treatment for best results,they reduced by 96.04% and 103.59%,respectively.(3)The yield of rice could be improved by spraying silicon.Compared with the CK,significant increased in yield after silica preparation treatment,Si-TG at tiller stage and Si-50 G at booting stage were the best treatments,they improved by 21.67% and17.92%,respectively.Significant increased in number of effective spikes after silica preparation treatment,Si-TG at tiller stage and Si-50 G at booting stage were the best treatments,they improved by 21.43% and 22.50%,respectively.,Significant increased in number of grains after silica preparation treatment,both periods were sprayed with Si-TG treatment for best results,they improved by 6.06% and 9.74%,respectively.Significant increased in fruition rate after silica preparation treatment,Si-50 G at tiller stage and Si-TG at booting stage were the best treatments,They improved by 9.52% and 11.55%,respectively.In conclusion,Si-50 G and Si-TG were the best treatments,by foliar spraying of silica preparation at tillering and booting stages of rice,silicon absorption capacity,silicon fixation capacity and inversion resistance of rice were improved,the yield could be improved.