Research On Cultural Services Of Forest Ecosystems

The forest ecosystem,formed by forest biomes and their environment,is the system with certain structure,function and self-regulation ability.As the main body of the terrestrial ecosystem,the forest ecosystem has some important functions for human society,including supporting services,regulating services,supply services and cultural services.As an important part of ecosystem services,forest ecosystem cultural services are the cultural service utilities that people obtain from forest ecosystems through spiritual satisfaction,cognitive development,thinking,recreation and aesthetic experience.Compared with the "hard service" of forest ecosystems to provide material guarantees for human production and life,the cultural services of forest ecosystems have the dual cross-attributes of forestry ecology and humanistic society,which is of "soft" value and can meet people’s spiritual needs.Therefore,they are often difficult to measure and easy to be avoided and overlooked.Within the promotion of ecological civilization in China,the society has growing demands for ecological products,ecological services and ecological environment,and the cultural service functions play an increasingly prominent role on human health and well-being.Therefore,it is very necessary and urgent to deeply study the concept,connotation and development status of cultural services in forest ecosystems,analyze the influencing factors affecting the cultural service functions of forest ecosystems in China,and propose countermeasures for the development of cultural services in forest ecosystems in China.This study reviews the development process of cultural services in forest ecosystems in China since the founding of the People’s Republic of China.And on the theoretical basis of natural value theory,ecological perception theory and ecosystem cultural service theory,the study analyzes the main factors affecting the cultural services of forest ecosystems on the theoretical basis of natural value theory,ecological perception theory and ecosystem cultural service theory,including the ecological basis of the natural environment,socio-political and economic conditions,public ecological and cultural needs,management systems and legal construction;Through the systematic study of the specific status of cultural services represented by forest parks in China in the past ten years,it is pointed out the lack of citizens awareness,inadequate development intensity,imperfect laws and regulations and unbalanced content of ecosystem cultural services.The following five countermeasures are proposed,one is to strengthen the professional ability training of practitioners and to establish a talent training system;the second is to strengthen the protection of forest ecosystems,deepen the management system reform of state-owned forest farms,carry out forest restoration work in an orderly manner,introduce and cultivate various types of market entities,and ensure effective implementation of laws;third,in terms of improving the quality of cultural services in forest ecosystems,to beautify the forest ecological environment,improve the reception capacity,highlight forest education services,improve the level of forest health care,provide personalized forest ecosystem cultural services according to the needs and preferences of different groups,and protect forest historical and cultural relics;fourth,in terms of legal protection,to strengthen the legal protection to forest resources,and increase the maintenance of ecological compensation for forest ecosystems;fifth,In terms of education and publicity,it is necessary to give play to the role of emerging media,deepen content themes,and build diversified channels.In short,in-depth study of forest ecosystem cultural services not only enables people to have a more comprehensive understanding of forest ecosystems,but also enables the government and enterprises to pay more attention to the social and cultural value of forests,which is conducive to meeting people’s ecological and cultural needs,promoting the development and protection of forest resources,and ensuring the sustainable development of forestry economy.