Research On The Influence Of Institutional Types On The Conversion Of Fishermen To Industry

In order to protect and restore the ecological environment of the Yangtze River Basin,a 10-year comprehensive arrest ban on the Yangtze River Basin began on January 1,2021.Under the background of “ Ten Years Ban on Fishing” in the Yangtze River Basin,nearly 300,000 fishermen have lost their means of production,and the lack of means of production will bring serious personal risk,family risk and social risk.Therefore,in order to implement a comprehensive ban on fishing in the Yangtze River Basin at the same time to protect the long-term livelihood of fishermen,transfer of industry is the fundamental policy.Various employment support policies provided by government departments have played a huge role in promoting the transformation of fishermen into industries,ensuring the basic livelihood level of fishermen,and improving the pension mechanism of fishermen.However,due to the large number of fishermen in the Yangtze River Basin,there are still some difficulties in solving the employment and livelihood problems of fishermen only relying on government policies.China’ s rural society is a typical’ acquaintance society’.The unique’ acquaintance network’ in China’ s rural society also provides rich employment information and resources for fishermen.By exploring the mechanism behind the path of fishermen’ s conversion to industry,it can improve the employability of fishermen,accelerate the conversion of fishermen to industry and improve the quality of fishermen’ s employment.It has important guiding significance for building a harmonious socialist society with Chinese characteristics and promoting rural revitalization.This paper uses the literature research method,field survey and depth interview method.Through the questionnaire survey of returned fishermen in some areas of Hunan and Anhui,this paper collects the data information about the conversion of fishermen withdrawing from fishing to industry,and uses SPSS,STATA and AMOS to analyze and process the data.In terms of theoretical research,this paper reviews the research results of fishermen’ s conversion to industry at home and abroad.Considering that the employment problem of fishermen in the Yangtze River is a unique phenomenon in China’ s national conditions,this paper focuses on the research of landless peasants,returning farmland to forests and other related issues in China.Through the construction of sustainable livelihood theory model,this paper uses fishermen’ s alternative livelihood choice as the result variable of conversion to industry,and explores how institutional embeddedness affects fishermen’ s livelihood capital portfolio,so that fishermen choose different alternative livelihood strategies.At the same time,through the study of the construction of the index system of migrant workers’ employability at home and abroad,combined with the characteristics of the fishermen’ s own employment,select the fishermen’ s employability index,and embed the system and employability in the same analysis framework.In empirical research,based on the survey data of 269 fishermen withdrawing from fishing in Hunan and Anhui provinces,this paper divides the employment support of returned fishermen into formal institutional embedding dominated by government departments and informal institutional embedding under the background of ’acquaintance society’ in fishing villages.Probit econometric analysis model and structural equation model(SEM)are used to analyze the selection of alternative livelihood strategies and employment ability of fishermen.According to the research findings :(1)Both formal and informal institution will affect the choice of alternative livelihood strategies to some extent;(2)The embeddedness of formal and informal institutions will have an impact on fishermen’ s employment,and employability plays a mediating role before institutional embeddedness and fishermen’ s actual employment.Livelihood capital and employability can be seen as external and internal factors that affect fishermen’ s conversion,respectively.Institutional types have a practical impact on fishermen’ s conversion by influencing both.Finally,the paper puts forward some suggestions to improve the employability of retreated fishermen,that is,to strengthen the institutional construction of fishermen’ s employment environment and to reasonably coordinate the relationship between formal institution and informal institution.Specific performance in : Under the formal institution of embedding,to carry out efficient skills training,increase financial support for fishermen with entrepreneurial intention,in the entrepreneurship policy of fishermen appropriate tilt,increase the development of public welfare positions,establish and improve the social security mechanism of fishermen;Embedded in the informal institution,it is suggested an informal organization with fishermen as the main body is constructed,and the social network platform of fishing villages is constructed by focusing on the power of capable people,strengthening the exchanges between fishing villages,carrying out the sharing meeting of fishermen ’ s employment knowledge and experience,expanding the relationship network,and realizing the optimal allocation of employment resources.It is hoped that this paper will provide scientific and effective reference for the research and development of the problem of fishermen ’ s conversion to industry under the background of the Yangtze River arrest,and help the follow-up policy organizations to follow up properly,stimulate the endogenous motivation of fishermen ’s conversion to industry,improve the survival and employment status of fishermen,and promote fishermen ’ s conversion to industry.