Effects Of Trace Element Fertilizer And VB₁ On Growth,Differentiation And Quality Of Pleurotus Eryngii

Pleurotus eryngii is a rare edible fungus that can be used for both medicine and food.With the increasing market demand of Pleurotus eryngii,the problems of low yield,low conversion rate and low quality in the process of expanding the capacity and increasing production of the factory made Pleurotus eryngii are also increasingly prominent.This experiment explored the relationship between trace element fertilizer and vitamin VB₁on the formation of fruiting bodies of Pleurotus eryngii and the physiological and biochemical changes in vivo.Among them,trace elements are necessary factors for some enzymes,which can enhance the activities of related enzymes in the medium matrix,activate the biological characteristics of the mycelium,make the metabolic process in the mycelium go smoothly,and accumulate and store more nutrients at the same time.The formation and occurrence of a large number of fruiting bodies promotes the synthesis of proteins,amino acids and polysaccharides in the bacteria,thereby improving the yield and quality;vitamin B₁plays a very important role in the metabolism of edible fungi during the growth period.It is closely related to many important metabolisms such as the biosynthesis of lipids and lipids and the respiratory chain.Once absent,the enzyme becomes inactive and metabolism becomes dysregulated,resulting in abnormal growth and development of the bacteria.To clarify the key roles of the two on the growth and quality of Pleurotus eryngii,and provide theoretical and practical support for improving the yield and quality of Pleurotus eryngii in the process of industrial cultivation.1.Used a 2×2 factorial design,the screening test of adding trace element fertilizer and VB₁to the parent culture medium of Pleurotus eryngii showed that the trace element fertilizer and VB₁showed a synergistic effect on the growth rate of mycelium.Treatment 4（added 0.5 g the trace element fertilizer and 0.01 g of vitamin B₁）had the best mycelial growth,the full tube time was 2 days earlier than that of the treatment 1,the growth rate was the fastest and significantly faster than other treatments,and the density and branching of mycelium showed an increasing trend.2.Adopt secondary saturated D-optimal design,add trace element fertilizer and VB₁to the liquid medium,and determine the optimal cultivation time（cultured for 144 h）based on the mycelial biomass of 3different cultivation times.During the incubation time,the mycelial biomass of treatment T4,treatment T5 and treatment T6 was significantly higher than that of CK,and the maximum mycelial amount of treatment T5was 8.6992 g/L.At the same time,the activities of 4 related enzymes were determined at this stage:the laccase activity was higher in treatment T4.Significantly higher than other treatment groups,except treatment T2,other treatments were significantly higher than CK,the highest enzyme activity of treatment T4 was 0.4380 U/ml;peroxidase activity was significantly higher in treatment T4 and treatment T5 than other treatments,treatment T6 significantly higher than CK and treatment T3,the highest enzyme activity in treatment T5 was 20.3622 U/ml;pyruvate dehydrogenase activity in treatment T5 and treatment T6 was significantly higher than CK,treatment T1,treatment T2 and treatment T3,treatment T4significantly higher than CK,treatment T1 and treatment T3,the highest enzyme activity of treatment 5 was 5.39702 U/ml;the lactate dehydrogenase activity in treatment T4 was significantly higher than that of CK,treatment T1,treatment T2,treatment T5 and treatment T6,CK lactate dehydrogenase activity was significantly higher than that in treatment T4.The hydrogenase activity was the lowest;Finally,based on the mycelial biomass and enzyme activity,the optimal treatment plan for adding trace element fertilizer and vitamin B₁to the liquid fermentation culture of Pleurotus eryngii was screened out:the trace element fertilizer was 83.945 mg/L,and the vitamin B₁was 8.3028 mg/L.3.In the process of adding trace element fertilizers and VB₁screening in the stage of Pleurotus eryngii,treatment T1 and treatment T3 had the best mycelial growth,treatment T2 and treatment T5 was worse than the control group,and treatment T1 had the earliest time to fill the bag,it only takes 24 days;during the growth stage of mycelium,the activity of polyphenol oxidase showed an overall trend of increasing first and then decreasing.When the mycelium grew to 10 days,treatment T1,treatment T3,treatment T4,treatment T6 and CK were significantly higher In treatment T2 and treatment T5,the activity of polyphenol oxidase in treatment T1 was the highest,and the hyphae grew to 15 days.Treatment T1 was significantly higher than other treatment groups,and its activity reached 103.44 U/g.The enzyme activity of treatment T3 was significantly higher than that of other treatments,and the enzyme activity of treatment T2 was the lowest;the enzymatic activity of each treatment showed a downward trend when the mycelium grew from 20 to 25 days,and the polyphenol oxidase activity of CK,treatment T1 and treatment T3 was significantly higher than that of treatment T3,treatment T2,treatment T4,treatment T5 and treatment T6,treatment T3 had the highest enzyme activity,which was 91.64 U/g;neutral protease and amylase were effectively activated in the primordium differentiation stage.The amylase activity was significantly higher than that of CK,while the activities of treatments T2 and T5 were significantly lower than those of CK.The difference in the number of mushroom buds was very significant.The number of mushroom buds in the treatment T3 was significantly higher than that in other treatments,and the number of mushroom buds in the treatment T5 was the lowest,with an average of only 22.33.The yield of Pleurotus eryngii in treatment T4 was significantly higher than that in CK,T2,T3 and T6,and the highest yield was 1.1627 Kg.In protein and polysaccharide,treatment T4 was significantly higher than other treatments,and treatment T3 and T4 were significantly higher than CK.CK was significantly higher than treatment T6,treatment T5 and treatment T2;analysis of the enrichment of Pleurotus eryngii to iron,zinc and boron elements obtained iron elements,the enrichment content of caps in treatment T6 was the highest,the enrichment content of zinc in the caps of treatment T4 was up to 100.9060 mg/Kg,and the enrichment content of boron in the stems of treatment T5 was up to 92.0313 mg/Kg,protein and polysaccharide regression model,it was found that trace element fertilizer was the main reason affecting yield and quality;finally,based on the yield and quality of Pleurotus eryngii,the optimal treatment plan of adding trace element fertilizer and VB₁was screened out:trace element fertilizer was315.8 mg/Kg,Vitamin B₁was 14.3425 mg/Kg.