| In this study,the digestible energy(DE),metabolizable energy(ME),amino acid apparent ileal digestibility(AID)and standard ileal digestibility(SID)of growing pigs with 4 different specifications of standard wheat flour and 4 different sources of wheat bran were studied,and the DE and ME of 9 kinds of soybean processing feedstuff were also discussed,which provided reference for the construction of detailed basic database of pig feedstuff.The first experiment was to study the DE and ME of four different standard wheat flour in growing pigs.Fifteen(52.64 ± 4.97 kg)castrated boars fitted with T-fistulas were selected.Three 5×2 incomplete Latin squares were used to design metabolic tests,which were divided into 3 groups according to body weight,with 5 pigs in each group.Each group was divided into 2 periods,each period consisted of 5-day pre-feeding period and 5-day feces and urine collection period.The experimental diet was designed by direct method,including one nitrogen-free diet and four standard powder diets.The results showed that: 1)the DE of four standard powders were 4192 kcal / kg DM,4233 kcal / kg DM,4117 kcal / kg DM and 4235 kcal / kg DM respectively;2)The ME of four standard powders were 4116 kcal / kg DM,4163 kcal / kg DM,4062 kcal / kg DM and 4183 kcal / kg DM,respectively;3)There was no significant difference in de and me among the four standard powders(P > 0.05).The second experiment was conducted to study the amino acid AID and SID of growing pigs to four different specifications of standard wheat flour.On the basis of experiment 1(the same experimental animals,experimental diets and experimental design),a two-day ileal chyme collection period was added in each phase of the metabolic experiment.The results showed that: 1)The AID of CP of four kinds of standard powder ranged from 87.00% to91.05%,and there was no significant difference in aid between CP and AA of four kinds of standard wheat flour;2)The SID of CP of the four standard wheat flour ranged from 94.55%to 100.19%,and there was no significant difference in SID between CP and AA;3)Except Pro and TAA,there was no significant difference in AID between CP and AA(P > 0.05).Experiment 3 was to study DE and ME of growing pigs to wheat bran from four different sources.Fifteen(64.33 ± 7.47 kg)castrated boars fitted with T-fistulas were selected.Three5×2 incomplete Latin squares were used to design metabolic tests,which were divided into3 groups according to body weight,with 5 pigs in each group.Each group was divided into 2periods,each period consisted of 5-day pre-feeding period and 5-day feces and urine collection period.Based on the palatability and vomit toxin content of wheat bran,the diet was designed by indirect set algorithm,while the determination of amino acid AID and SID was conducted by direct method.The diet consisted of one nitrogen free basal diet and four different bran substitutes at 40%,40%,40%,40% and 25% respectively.The results showed that: 1)the DE between four different sources of wheat bran was 3429 kcal/kg DM 3008 kcal/kg DM,2487kcal/kg DM,2685 kcal/kg DM;2)The ME of the four different wheat bran sources were 3381kcal/kg DM,2904 kcal/kg DM,2412 kcal/kg DM and 2613 kcal/kg DM respectively;3)There were significant differences in DE and ME between the four different wheat brans(P < 0.05),which were shown as follows: No.1 wheat bran 1 > No.2 wheat bran > No.3 wheat bran and No.4 wheat bran.The purpose of experiment 4 was to study the amino acid AID and SID of growing pigs to wheat bran from four different sources.On the basis of experiment 3(the same experimental animals,experimental diet and experimental design),a 2-day ileal chyme collection period was added in each phase of the metabolic experiment.The results showed that: 1)The AID of CP of four kinds of wheat bran were 68.92%,67.91%,67.32% and 39.79% respectively;2)The SID of CP of four kinds of wheat bran were 76.66%,77.25%,77.29% and 48.91%respectively;3)The AID of Gly,Phe,Arg,Pro and TAA of No.4 bran was significantly lower than that of the other three brans(P < 0.05);4)The SID of Gly,Arg and pro of No.4 bran was also significantly lower than that of the other three brans(P < 0.05).Experiment 5 conducted to investigate the digestible energy(DE)and metabolic energy(ME)of growing pigs with 9 different sources of soybean processing materials.Thirty crossbred castrated boars(Duroc × Landrace × Yorkshire)with an initial body weight of31.22±2.02 kg were selected for triplicate 10×2 incomplete Latin square metabolic tests,which were divided into 3 blocks according to body weight with 10 pigs in each group.A total of 2 periods were completed.Dietary design was based on a set algorithm,including one corn basic diet and nine experimental diets.Diets were randomly assigned to each block,and the same pig was not fed the same diet in two periods.Each period includes 3 days transition period,5 days adaptation period and 7 days normal feeding period.The results showed that:1)the DE of corn,No.1 soybean meal,No.2 soybean meal,No.3 soybean meal,No.4soybean meal,No.1 fermented soybean meal,No.2 fermented soybean meal,enzymolysis soybean meal,extruded soybean and soybean protein concentrate were 3930 kcal / kg DM,4321 kcal / kg DM,4175 kcal / kg DM,4258 kcal / kg DM,4364 kcal / kg DM,4498 kcal /kg DM,4171 kcal / kg DM,4454 kcal / kg DM,5201 kcal / kg DM 4650 kcal/kg DM;2)The me of corn,No.1 soybean meal,No.2 soybean meal,No.3 soybean meal,No.4 soybean meal,No.1 fermented soybean meal,No.2 fermented soybean meal,enzymolysis soybean meal,extruded soybean and soybean protein concentrate were 3854 kcal / kg DM,4201 kcal/ kg DM,4100 kcal / kg DM,4160 kcal / kg DM,4261 kcal / kg DM,4358 kcal / kg DM,4103 kcal / kg DM,4410 kcal / kg DM,5121 kcal / kg DM and 4585 kcal / kg DM,respectively.In conclusion,the effective energy values and amino acid digestibility of wheat standard flour and bran of growing pigs and the effective energy values of soybean processing materials were obtained. |
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