Influence Of Growth Regulators And Pruning On Development Of Hybrid Hazelnut’s Flower Bud And Fruit

Hazelnut is our precious woody oil species, with some edible and medicinal value, one of the four nuts of the international market. Hybrid hazelnut is characterized by cold hardiness and adaptability, big nuts, high yield, high kernel rate, the variety is suitable for cultivation in large areas of northern China.Currently there are problems of not a high level of cultivation techniques, improper proportion of male and female flowers and pruning irregularities. This study was conducted on hybrid hazelnut vigor’s scientific division, fertilizing GA3 and PP333 on different vigor, proved up the key application time and concentration to form flower and fruit set. Carbohydrate content of critical flower bud formation period was measured, and study of the effects of ’84-1’ (new variety) different types of branches nutrition on flowers and fruits, as well as explored the reaction of different hybrid hazelnut vigor tree to pruning.The results show that:1. GA3 treatment can promote vegetative growth of hybrid hazelnut, and enhance tree vigor. To enhance tree vogor and increase the total number of flower buds, the best application time and concentration in moderation trees and weak trees are:Flower buds nurture critical period, 100mg/1; male inflorescence sprout period, 100mg/1.2. Fertilizing GA3 in full blooming stage can promote pollination, thus effectively promote the germination of bearing branches. Application of 150mg/1 of GA3 can minimize the total flower falling ratio, which reduced from 20.24% to 16.16%.3. Hybrid hazelnut’s fruit drop phenomenon is not caused by the inflorescence fall off, but caused by a single flower. Application of 100mg/1 of GA3 can improve the initial inflorescence fruit setting ratio and flower fruit setting rate to 97.5% and 92.4% respectively (the ratios of control are 95.29% and 88.15% respectively), effectively reduce the physiological fruit drop, improve the ratio of fruit setting of single flower after falling Flower (91.09%) to 1.35 times the control (67.41%).4. Application of 100mg/1 of GA3 after falling flower can significantly improve the hybrid hazelnut’s fruit shape index (1.36) and weight of kernels (0.78g),5.43% and 14.71%, respectively, higher than the control. Crude fat, crude protein, soluble sugar, sucrose and starch content of the treated fruits were higher than the control, can significantly promote improving fruit quality.5. PP333 can improve soluble sugar concentration of the leaf next buds in order to effectively promote the differentiation of female flower buds. The critical applying period and concentration of PP333 which can significantly improve the ability to shoot germination female flower buds are, for the lush trees and robust tree, male inflorescence sprout period,800mg/1, the proportion of female flower buds can be increased to 51% and 34% respectively,19% and 13%, respectively, higher than the control; For moderation trees and weak trees, flower buds nurture critical period,600mg/1, the proportion of female flower buds can be increased to 25% and 53% respectively,10% and 14%, respectively, higher than the control.6. 75% yield of ’84-1’ variety is from long branches, the production of upper branches is twice of the lower branches. Single nut weight, kernel weight, shell thickness, crude fat, crude protein, soluble sugar content of the fruit from upper branches was significantly higher than that of the lower branches.7. Unit infructescences of the upper medium length branches of ’84-1’ variety required for 8.of shoot length, the upper medium length branches has the smallest base/top ratio (2.48) and the highest proportion of female flower buds germination (47.47%), from shoots top to terminal conducive to the formation of flower buds, with the best shoots nutrition and fruit quality; Unit infructescences of the lower long branches required for 10.25cm of shoot length, the lower long branches has the lowest proportion of female flower buds germination (32.01%), and its branches nutrition and fruit quality are the worst.8. Hybrid hazelnut’s one-year-old branches after mild cutting back have the preferable correlation between branch length and branch thick, branch length and the total number of buds is preferably. There is no significant linear relationship between branch length and the number of male inflorescence.9. Sling put treatment and GA3 foliar application could significantly increase the number of hybrid hazelnut male inflorescence; the moderate cutting back could significantly increase branch length, branch thick, and the total number of flower buds, reducing the number of male inflorescence, it is the best way to trim the modetation tree and weak tree; mild cutting back is the best way to trim lush tree and robust tree.