Effect Of Adding Stachyose To Qinchuan Beef Cattle Diet On Rumen Degradation Of 8 Drought-tolerant Plants

Some Functional-oligosaccharides can improve rumen degradation ability,ameliorate rumen environment,enhance intestinal function and immunity.Stachyose is a kind of Functional-oligosaccharide known as "natural super bifidus factor".Studies on single stomach animals show that stachyose is similar but superior to other functional oligosaccharides.In this experiment,8 drought-tolerant plants(Caragana korshinskii,Artemisia ordosica,Mulberry leaf,Sphaerophysa salsula,Lythrum salicaria,Fenugreek,Acer truncatum leaf,Bromus inermis)in Northwest China were collected,and four New Strains of Qinchuan Beef Cattle(Referred to as"Qinchuan Beef Cattle")with permanent rumen fistula were selected.By exploring the nutritional components and rumen degradation characteristics of 8 plants,it provides theoretical basis for the utilization of this kind of unconventional forage.By exploring the effects of stachyose on rumen degradation,rumen environment and blood biochemical indexes,it provides ideas and theoretical basis for improving rumen feed utilization efficiency and healthy breeding of ruminants.In the experiment,Four groups(Control Group,Test group Ⅰ,Test group Ⅱ,Test groupⅢ)were carried out in turn and feed basic diet all the way.Each group with the pre-feeding period of 10 d and the feeding period of 20 d.In the feeding period,0.0%,0.4%,1.2%and 2.0%stachyose was added to the diet based on dry matter,and rumen nylon bag degradation test at 15～20 d,rumen fluid was collected after 1 h of morning feeding in the last 3 days,blood was collected in the last day before morning feeding.Results:Conventional nutrient components:(1)From small to large,the CP contents were Bromus inermis,Lythrum salicari,Artemisia ordosica,Acer truncatum leaf,Caragana korshinskii,Fenugreek,Mulberry leaf,Sphaerophysa salsula(P<0.05),(2)The NDF and ADF contents of Acer truncatum leaves and Artemisia ordosica were similar(P>0.05),but there were significant differences among other plants(P<0.05).From small to large,the NDF contents were Mulberry leaf,Sphaerophysa salsula,Fenugreek,Caragana korshinskii,Acer truncatum leaf,Artemisia ordosica,Lythrum salicari,Bromus inermis,the ADF contents were Sphaerophysa salsula,Mulberry leaf,Fenugreek,Caragana korshinskii,Artemisia ordosica,Acer truncatum leaf,Bromus inermis,Lythrum salicari.Rumen degradation characteristics:(1)Control Group,Mulberry leaf and Sphaerophysa salsula were significantly higher than other 6 plants had the best DM degradation(P<0.05).The DM degradation of Bromus inermis at 48 h was only 29.56%,which was significantly lower than other plants(P<0.05).There was no significant difference in DM degradation among Artemisia ordosica,Lythrum salicari and Acer truncatum leaf at 48 h(P>0.05).Compared with the Control Group,Group Ⅲ had little effect on effective degradation rate(ED)of DM of Caragana korshinskii,Artemisia ordosica and Mulberry leaf,the other stachyose levels significantly increased the ED of DM of 8 plants(P<0.05).The 2.0%stachyose had little effect on ED of DM of Caragana korshinskii,Artemisia ordosica,Mulberry leaf(P>0.05),and other stachyose levels significantly increased the ED of DM of eight plants(P<0.05).The ED of DM of 8 plants in Group Ⅱ except Caragana korshinskii,Lythrum salicaria and Fenugreek were significantly higher than those in Group Ⅰ(P<0.05),and those in Group Ⅰ except Bromus inermis,Artemisia ordosica and Acer truncatum leaf were significantly higher than those in Group Ⅲ(P<0.05).(2)Control Group,the ED of CP from small to large were Bromus inermis,Acer truncatum leaf,Lythrum salicaria,Artemisia ordosica,Caragana korshinskii,Fenugreek,Mulberry leaf and Sphaerophysa salsula(P<0.05).The ED of CP of all plants in the Experimental Group were higher than that in the Control Group(P<0.05),except for Sphaerophysa salsula and Caragana korshinskii in GroupⅢ(P>0.05).The ED of CP of 8 plants in Group Ⅱ except Acer truncatum leaf and Lythrum salicaria were significantly higher than those in Group Ⅰ(P<0.05),and in Group Ⅰ was significantly higher than that in Group Ⅲ except Bromus inermis,Artemisia ordosica and Sphaerophysa salsula(P<0.05).(3)Control Group,the ED of NDF from small to large were Bromus inermis,Acer truncatum leaf,Artemisia ordosica,Lythrum salicaria,Caragana korshinskii,Fenugreek,Sphaerophysa salsula,Mulberry leaf(P<0.05).And the ED of ADF from small to large were Bromus inermis,Acer truncatum leaf,Artemisia ordosica,Lythrum salicaria,Sphaerophysa salsula,Fenugreek,Caragana korshinskii,Mulberry leaf.Among them,the ED of ADF of Caragana korshinskii,Sphaerophysa salsula and Fenugreek were similar(P>0.05),the ED of ADF of Artemisia ordosica,Acer truncatum leaf were similar(P>0.05).The ED of NDF of 8 plants except Caragana korshinskii in Group Ⅱ,Artemisia ordosica in Group Ⅰ and Ⅲ were higher than those in Control Group(P<0.05).The ED of ADF of 8 plants except Caragana korshinskii and Lythrum salicaria in Group Ⅲ,Artemisia ordosica in Group Ⅰ and Ⅲ were higher than that of Control Group(P<0.05).The ED of NDF and ADF of Artemisia ordosica,Fenugreek,Acer truncatum leaf and Bromus inermis in Group Ⅱ were higher than in I Group(P<0.05).The ED of NDF and ADF of Caragana korshinskii,Mulberry leaf and Sphaerophysa salsula in Group Ⅱ were similar to those in Group Ⅰ.The ED of NDF in Group Ⅰ was higher than those in Group Ⅲ(P<0.05),except Bromus inermis,Artemisia ordosica and Acer truncatum leaf.The ED of nutritional components of 8 drought-tolerant plants in Group Ⅱ was significantly higher than those in Group Ⅲ(P<0.05)except CP of Artemisia ordosica and NDF of Bromus inermis.Rumen environment:Compared with the Control Group,the content of acetic acid significantly increased in Group Ⅰ(P<0.05),mycoprotein(MCP),acetic acid,propanoic acid,total volatile fatty acids(TVFA)significantly increased in Group Ⅱ(P<0.05),MCP significantly increased in Group Ⅲ(P<0.05).Adding stachyose to diet can significantly reduce ammonia nitrogen(NH3-N)in rumen(P<0.05),and NH3-N concentration is inversely proportional to stachyose addition.The optimal concentration of stachyose was 1.2%～2.0%.Blood biochemical indexes:Compared with the Control Group,the concentrations of Urea,Total cholesterol(TC),Asparagus amino acid transferase(AST)in blood significantly decreased in 0.4%Group(P<0.05),and trend of decreasing Total nitrogen and increasing Immune globulin G(IgG),Immune globulin(Ig).The concentrations of Urea,Ca decreased in 1.2%Group(P<0.05),and trend of decreasing Total nitrogen and AST,trend of increasing Total protein(TP),IgG,Ig.The concentrations of TP,IgG,P significantly increased and Total nitrogen,TC,AST decreased in 2.0%Group(P<0.05),trend of increasing Ig and decreasing Urea.Conclusion:(1)Mulberry leaves,Sphaerophysa salsula and Fenugreek have better conventional nutritional components,rumen degradation and feeding value among the 8 drought-tolerant plants in Northwest China,but Bromus inermis is the worst,its ED of DM is only 20.47%.(2)Adding stachyose to Qinchuan Beef Cattle diet can generally improve the rumen degradation rate of 8 plants,and the promoting effect of stachyose on rumen degradation is 1.2%>0.4%>2.0%>0.0%.The nutritional value and rumen degradation of Bromus inermis are the lowest among 8 drought-tolerant plants,and the degradation effect of Bromus inermis is obviously improved by adding stachyose,its ED of DM is increased by 31.46%.(3)Stachyose is beneficial to rumen environment and blood health of Qinchuan Beef Cattle,which can improve the utilization efficiency of rumen ammonia nitrogen and the metabolic level of organism,it is suggested that 1.2%additive level should be applied to beef cattle breeding.