Research On Implementation Of Subsidy And Reward Policy For Grassland Ecological Protection In Innermongolia Autonomous Region

Grassland ecology is an important part of Inner Mongolia ecosystem,and one of the key positions for Inner Mongolia to take ecological priority and green development as the guidance of high quality development.Since 2011,China has implemented subsidy and reward policies for grassland ecological protection in 13 provinces and autonomous regions every five years,two of which have been implemented so far.In the past 10 years,the state has invested nearly 50 billion yuan in subsidies and rewards for grassland ecological protection in Inner Mongolia.The policy has had an important impact on the ecological restoration and social development of the grassland in Inner Mongolia,and has become one of the main policies for protecting the ecological environment in Inner Mongolia.At present,there are many researches on subsidy and incentive policies and related aspects of grassland ecological protection at home and abroad,but there are few researches that focus on the orientation of ecological priority and green development,closely combine the reality of Inner Mongolia,and comprehensively investigate and study the policy implementation in the past 10 years.Of this study is to aid incentives for Inner Mongolia grassland ecological protection in 10 years of ecological benefits,social benefits and economic benefits of investigation and study,and to analyze the shortcomings in the implementation of policy,puts forward the opinion suggestion,subsidies for 2021 to begin a new round of grassland ecological protection work reward policy to provide the reference.Based on Inner Mongolia grassland ecological protection subsidies more reward policy implementation is wide,involving the main body and long duration of actual situation,this study selected three dimension to carry out the investigation and study: one is to visit Inner Mongolia grassland management research,draw on autonomous region on the policy of literature material and statistics,extensive understanding of policy implementation,feedback adjustment,and so on and so forth.The second is to conduct research on the staff of specific policy implementation,and randomly visit the staff of forest and Grass Bureau and grassland custodian in four counties to understand the trend of grassland ecological change,difficulties encountered in the implementation of policies,opinions and suggestions.Third,a survey was conducted on farmers and herdsmen who enjoyed the policy.110 farmers and herdsmen were randomly selected to conduct field visits,telephone surveys and targeted e-questionnaires on the Internet to find out whether farmers and herdsmen approved of the policy,whether the mode of production had changed,and what opinions and suggestions they had.After summarizing the data and information of the three aspects,a comprehensive study is carried out combining the existing research results.The main conclusions of the study are as follows:1.Inner Mongolia grassland ecological protection subsidies in strict accordance with the regulations of the state,implement reward policy,policy of ecological benefit,economic benefit,social benefit gradually appear,Inner Mongolia grassland ecological status "integral containment,local improvement" situation,enjoy the policy of farmers and herdsmen per capita disposable income increased significantly,the wishes of farmers and herdsmen rational utilization of grassland gradually increases,The supply capacity of livestock products remains stable.2.There are some imbalanced and insufficient problems in the implementation of policies,such as low standards of subsidies and incentives,fewer projects,and insufficient incentives for farmers and herdsmen,which cannot fully make up for the loss of income caused by livestock reduction;There are unfair and unreasonable situations in the recipients of subsidies and rewards.The measurement of grassland vegetation coverage is not timely and accurate enough,which leads to the low level of refinement of policy implementation,causing some farmers and herdsmen to question.The lack of supervision at the grass-roots level leads to the failure of timely and effective detection and investigation of overgrazing,illegal stealing of grazing,disguised grazing and other behaviors,and the small punishment force leads to farmers and herdsmen willing to risk illegal behaviors;The policy implementation environment is not good,public infrastructure is backward,technical support lags,leading to the implementation of the policy "single" situation;Farmers and herdsmen are not sufficiently aware of the policy,and their production skills are generally backward.As a result,the implementation effect of the policy has not reached the optimal level.3.To implement the subsidy and reward policy of the third phase of grassland ecological protection,we should increase the subsidy and reward intensity,and focus on exploring the establishment of subsidy and reward fund increasing mechanism,bottom guarantee and ceiling policy in harmony with the price rise;Further improve the accuracy of subsidy and award,enhance the timeliness and flexibility of the award standard and award area;Strengthen supervision and management,strengthen the force of law enforcement personnel for grassland protection,and innovate the means of grassland ecological supervision;Improve supporting policies,support and promote new production modes and production technologies;We will help farmers and herdsmen improve their production skills,fully mobilize their enthusiasm for participation,and strive to make this policy with wide coverage and great influence play a better role,so as to achieve the government’s goal of protecting grassland ecology and achieve the consistency between the government and the interests of farmers and herdsmen.