Effects Of Nitrogen And Phosphorus On Yield And Components Of Essential Oil From Phoebe Bournei

In order to study the effects of different nitrogen and phosphorus application rates on the yield and composition of essential oil from branches and leaves of Phoebe bournei,so as to increase the economic value of essential oil from Phoebe bournei.Taking 10-year-old Phoebe bournei plantation in Jindong Forest Farm of Yongzhou City,Hunan Province as the representative test forest,five treatments were carried out according to the nitrogen content of 46%urea of 0g,100g,200g,300g and 400g per plant,and five treatments were carried out according to the phosphorus content of 12%superphosphate of 0g,80g,160g,240g and 320g per plant.Samples were collected before fertilization,6 months and 12 months after fertilization.The essential oil of Phoebe bournei branches and leaves was extracted by water distillation extraction method,and the volatile components of essential oil of Phoebe bournei branches and leaves were analyzed by GC-MS.The main research results are as follows:(1)Five volatile substances with relative content above 1%were determined after nitrogen application,and there were 78 volatile secondary metabolites in leaves,including 48 hydrocarbons,14 alcohols,7 aldehydes,2 esters and 2 naphthalenes.There are 84 volatile secondary metabolites in branches,including 54 hydrocarbons,21 alcohols,6 aldehydes,2 esters and 1 naphthalene.There are 48 volatile components in essential oils of branches and leaves.Five volatile substances with relative content above 1%were determined after P fertilizer treatment,and there were 82 volatile secondary metabolites in leaves,including 49 hydrocarbons,22 alcohols,6 aldehydes,3 esters and 2 naphthalenes.There are 86 volatile secondary metabolites in branches,including 58 hydrocarbons,20 alcohols,4 aldehydes,2 esters and 2 naphthalenes.There are 50 volatile secondary metabolites in branches and leaves.(2)The main components of essential oil in branches and leaves after nitrogen and phosphorus application were terpenes,and the main components of essential oil in leaves were alloaromadendrene,(+)-δ-cadinene,(+)-germacrene-D,(-)-allo-Aromadendrene,Caryophyllene,y-muurolene,Copaene,etc.The main components in branches were Copaene,(+)-δ-cadinene,Caryophyllene,.alpha.-Cubebene,γ-muurolene,.alpha.-Caryophyll ene,etc.(3)Nitrogen application could affect the yield of essential oil in branches and leaves of Phoebe bournei.The yield of essential oil in leaves of Phoebe bournei decreased slightly 12 months(summer)after nitrogen application compared with 6 months(winter)after nitrogen application,and the yield of essential oil in branches increased slightly.The yield of essential oil in leaves of Phoebe bournei decreased with the increase of nitrogen application.Only when the nitrogen application reached 400 g/plant,the yield of essential oil in leaves of Phoebe bournei increased slightly compared with that of CK.The yield of branch essential oil increased slightly.The yield of branch essential oil increased first and then decreased with the increase of nitrogen application rate,and all fertilization gradients were greater than CK treatment.When nitrogen fertilizer reached 200 g/plant,the yield of branch essential oil reached the highest.The essential oil of branches and leaves of Phoebe bournei increased slightly at 6 months(winter)after phosphorus application compared with 12 months(summer)after phosphorus application.The yield of essential oil increased with the increase of phosphorus fertilizer,and the yield of essential oil reached the highest at 320 g/plant phosphorus fertilizer.The yield of branch essential oil of Phoebe bournei increased first and then decreased with the increase of phosphorus application rate,and all fertilization gradients were greater than CK treatment.The yield of branch essential oil reached the highest when phosphorus fertilizer was 160 g/plant.Moreover,phosphorus application was more conducive to ensuring the yield of leaf essential oil than nitrogen application.(4)The relative content of oxygen-containing compounds in essential oil of branches and leaves after 6 months of phosphate fertilizer or nitrogen fertilizer application(winter)was higher than that before fertilization(summer)and after 12 months of fertilization(summer),and winter was more conducive to the accumulation of oxygen-containing compounds,so as to ensure that plants overwinter and the quality of essential oil in winter was higher.With the increase of nitrogen application rate,the relative content of oxygenated compounds in essential oil of branches and leaves of Phoebe bournei gradually decreased,and each gradient after fertilization was lower than that of CK.With the increase of phosphorus application rate,the relative content of oxygen-containing compounds increased first and then decreased.When the phosphorus application rate reached 80 g/plant,the relative content of oxygen-containing compounds in essential oil of branches and leaves reached the highest.When the phosphorus application rate was greater than 160 g/plant,each gradient was lower than CK.The quality of essential oil decreased when nitrogen or phosphorus application rate was greater than 160 g/plant,and the content of oxygen compounds in each gradient of essential oil after phosphorus application was greater than that after nitrogen application.Phosphorus can guarantee the quality of essential oil better than nitrogen.The yield of essential oil in branches and leaves of Phoebe bournei has a certain relationship with fertilization time and fertilization amount.Fertilization can significantly improve the yield of essential oil in branches,and has little effect on the yield of essential oil in leaves.However,fertilization can change the relative content of main volatile components and the content of oxygen-containing compounds.Therefore,the content of specific components can be regulated through the treatment of different Nitrogen fertilization gradients in Phoebe bournei,so as to cultivate and develop it in a targeted manner.