Multifunctional Evaluation And Zoning Optimization Of Cultivated Land In Southwest Hubei Province

Cultivated land is the material basis for human survival and an important part of land resources.With the acceleration of urban expansion in China,the area of construction land has increased sharply and the area of cultivated land has gradually decreased.Economic development,urban construction and other activities have caused waste,abandonment and pollution of cultivated land resources,and the quality and quantity of cultivated land have suffered unprecedented pressure.With the improvement of human demand level,the utilization mode of cultivated land is gradually diversified.Cultivated land no longer presents a single production function,but its ecological function,landscape cultural function,social function and so on.Therefore,it is very important for China’s cultivated land protection and sustainable utilization to explore the current situation of multi-functional utilization of cultivated land,study the relationship and internal mechanism of various functions of cultivated land,and provide theoretical and data support for cultivated land zoning management and control.Taking Lichuan City in the mountainous area of Southwest Hubei as an example,this paper divides the cultivated land multi-functional system into three sub functions:cultivated land production,ecological and landscape cultural,constructs the cultivated land multi-functional evaluation index system,and makes a quantitative analysis of the cultivated land multi-functional of 15 townships in Lichuan City by using the comprehensive index model,combined with the spatial correlation analysis K-means clustering algorithm and coupling coordination degree model are used to explore the multi-functional supply and demand level of cultivated land and the coupling coordination degree of various functions of cultivated land.Finally,combined with the regional characteristics and the actual situation of cultivated land utilization in Lichuan City,the multi-functional utilization of cultivated land in Lichuan City is zoned,and the corresponding optimization suggestions are put forward.The main conclusions are as follows:(1)Spatial distribution characteristics of cultivated land production function,ecological function and landscape cultural functionIn this study,the functions of cultivated land are divided into five grades.The higher the functional index of cultivated land is,the higher the grade is,and the better the function of cultivated land is.The production function index of cultivated land showed a spatial distribution pattern of high in the south and low in the north.The production function level was mainly three and four,and the comprehensive index value was mainly concentrated in 0.1912-0.2364.The distribution of cultivated land ecological function index at all levels is relatively scattered,showing the spatial distribution characteristics of high in northeast and low in southwest,and the cultivated land ecological function in the city center is generally poor.The cultivated land ecological function level of Wangying Town,Baiyangba Town and Yuanbao Town and Shaxi Town in the east is above 4,and the comprehensive index range is 0.2121-0.2589.The comprehensive index level of Duting Street Office and its surrounding towns is at the secondary and tertiary levels.The spatial distribution of cultivated land landscape cultural function is high in the low-north southern city center and its surrounding towns.The cultivated land landscape cultural function levels of Duting Street Office,Dongcheng Street Office,Mudao Town and Wangying Town are above level four,and the comprehensive index range is 0.22320.2948.The first and second cultivated land landscape cultural functions are distributed in the central and southern towns.(2)Study on clustering partition and matching of multi-functional supply and demand level of cultivated landLichuan has a good matching between the supply and demand of cultivated land ecological function and landscape cultural function,and a poor matching between the supply and demand of production function.The supply-demand matching type of cultivated land production function is mainly "high-low matching",and only two townships of Fobaoshan Development Zone and Tuanbao town are "low-low matching";Among the types of supply-demand matching of cultivated land ecological functions,"high type matching" and "low type matching" have 8 townships,which are mainly distributed in the west,South and central areas of the city;The supply and demand matching types of cultivated land landscape cultural function are mainly "high type matching" and "low type matching",involving 12 townships.The southern region is mainly"low type" and the northern region is mainly "high type".Through the cluster analysis of the supply and demand levels of various functions of cultivated land,the cultivated land in Lichuan City is divided into four types:R1(high production demand-cultural production composite area),R2(low demand-production ecological composite area),R3(high cultural demand-production cultural and ecological composite area)and R4(high ecological demand-landscape cultural leading area).(3)Spatial correlation and coupling coordination analysis of cultivated land functionsThe matching result of cultivated land production and ecological function in Lichuan City is poor.Only Jiannan town and Wangying town have obvious matching,and the matching of other towns is not significant;The matching of cultivated land production landscape cultural function is good,7 townships have significant matching,and the matching of cultivated land ecological landscape cultural function is also good.There are 8 townships with significant matching.The two types of townships with good function matching are distributed in the central area of Lichuan City.The coupling coordination degree of cultivated land multi-function in Lichuan City is high in the northwest as a whole,and the rest areas are in a medium-level spatial distribution pattern.Most villages and towns of cultivated land production ecological function belong to high coupling coordination,and the coupling coordination degree in urban central areas is low;The function of cultivated land production landscape culture,most towns and townships are in the coupling and co scheduling of medium and above level;The coupling coordination degree of cultivated land ecological landscape cultural function shows obvious spatial distribution characteristics of high in the northeast and low in the southwest.(4)Division and optimization of cultivated land based on comprehensive evaluation of cultivated land functionIn this study,combined with the regional development situation of Lichuan City and the comprehensive evaluation results of farmland multifunctionality,the farmland multifunctionality utilization is finally divided into four types,namely,urban leisure agriculture area,cultural tourism agriculture area,green ecological agriculture area and stable production agriculture area.Urban leisure agriculture area is mainly distributed in Duting Street office and Dongcheng Street office,the area is located in the center of urban development,economically developed;green ecological agriculture is mainly distributed in three towns of Foshan Development Zone,Jiannan Town and Tuanbao Town,which is suitable for creating characteristic industries and developing green ecological agriculture.The cultural sightseeing agriculture area is mainly distributed in five towns:Moudao Town,Baiyangba Town,Nanping Town,Wangying Town and Liangwu Town,which has convenient transportation and rich tourism resources.Stable production agricultural areas are mainly distributed in Zhonglu Town,Yuanbao Town,Maoba Town,Wendou Town and Shaxi Town.This region gives full play to the advantages of cultivated land production,ensures food production,and protects the quality of cultivated land and the ecological environment of cultivated land.