Research On Farmland Water Conservancy Construction In Qingxu County,Shanxi Province(1949-1966)

Qingxu County is located in the middle reaches of Fenhe River,with flat terrain and dense river network.It is one of the earliest farming areas in Shanxi Province.In the Ming and Qing Dynasties,in order to resist natural disasters and deal with the increasingly serious contradiction between man and land,local irrigation agriculture developed rapidly and formed a complete set of civil water conservancy autonomy model.In modern times,due to the collapse of the traditional urban-rural integration development model,rural society gradually became marginalized,impoverished and disordered,water conservancy was abandoned,farmland was deserted,and rural crisis became increasingly fierce.At the same time,with the rise of the thought of rural construction,state power began to intervene in the grassroots irrigation and water conservancy undertakings in a planned way,but the irrigation and water conservancy construction has not achieved great development.After the founding of the People’s Republic of China in 1949,the Communist Party of China began a new round of rural construction practice under the condition of large-scale industrialization.In order to rapidly increase the output value of agriculture to meet the needs of industrial construction,under the leadership of the state,rural areas carried out the construction of farmland water conservancy movement lasting more than 10 years.From 1949 to 1966,the irrigation and water conservancy construction movement in Qingxu County experienced four periods:restoration and reconstruction(1949-1952),steady development(1953-1957),radical leaping(1958-1960)and rectification(1961-1966).Although there were twists and turns during this period,it still achieved obvious results.In the course of farmland water conservancy construction over the past ten years,due to the limited economic capacity of the state,the construction of small and medium-sized water conservancy projects relying on the mass has become the mainstream.In order to fully mobilize the masses,integrate social resources,and achieve the purpose of extensive water conservancy,the state relies on the administrative force to rebuild the organization and management system of grassroots farmland water conservancy,so as to combine the modern local water administration system with the unique grass-roots water conservancy organization,to ensure the efficient implementation of social mobilization and the smooth implementation of the national strategy.All sectors of society,including grassroots cadres,party and league personnel and ordinary people,have been fully mobilized,forming a pattern of farmland water conservancy construction under the political leadership and with mass movement as the main form.It can be said that under the background of national construction,the irrigation and water conservancy construction movement in Qingxu County achieved remarkable results from 1949 to 1966.At the macro level,the irrigation and water conservancy construction movement reached the established strategic goals of the state,improved the agricultural output value,and met the construction needs of supporting industrialization.At the micro level,continuous social mobilization and social transformation make the state-led farmland water conservancy construction movement constantly reshape the form of rural society,and the country and society finally converge in the process of pursuing modernization.