Research On Spatial Vitality Of Urban Parks Based On Multi-source Data

The rapid development of urbanization results to the pollution of environment and the shortage of resource,leading to serious social health problems.In order to alleviate the problems brought by urbanization and create a healthy living environment,green space system planning based on urban parks has become a research hot pot in recent years.As the link between green space and city,urban park is the main place for urban residents to carry out activities.To excavate the surplus value of urban park space,enhance the vitality of urban park space,and meet the needs of different people is an important way to ensure the health of society and the good development of the city.In this thesis,sixteen comprehensive parks within the scope of Hangzhou Expressway were taken as the research object,and multi-source data such as Baidu heat map,point of interest data,urban basic data and remote sensing data were used as the support to study the external representation and internal influencing factors of the spatial vitality of urban parks respectively.First,Baidu heat map was used to analyze the crowd gathering intensity in urban parks from the time dimension and space dimension,so as to explore the spatial and temporal characteristics of the spatial vitality of urban parks.Secondly,twenty influencing factors in six categories were selected from the external built environment of urban parks and the spatial quality of urban parks.Spearman correlation analysis was used to analyze the vitality of urban park space and influencing factors of urban parks in different days.The main results and conclusions of the study were as follows:The spatial vitality within the scope of Hangzhou bypass expressway showed the distribution characteristics of "one core,three points,and decreasing edge".On the whole,the vitality of workdays was greater than that of rest days and the vitality of rest days was greater than that of holidays.The high activity areas on working days were concentrated in business offices,subway stations and university towns,while the high activity areas on rest days and holidays were concentrated in residential areas,scenic spots and commercial shopping plazas.The spatial vitality of urban parks was at a low level,and the distribution of vitality among parks was not balanced.In terms of time dimension,the vitality of park space on weekdays presented a "gentle" development,with little overall fluctuation.The vitality of park space on rest days had a certain delay,showing a "zigzagging" development and the number of people traveling in the afternoon was more than that in the morning.The spatial vitality of the park during holidays showed a trend of "high rise,flat level and low decline" and the number of people doing activities in the evening was the most.In terms of spatial dimension,parks with high vitality were mainly concentrated in areas with good development status,convenient transportation conditions and high population density.Inside the park,people gathered at the entrance and exit of the park,well-equipped areas,water bodies and large areas of hard paved ground.The overall distribution trend of functional business form elements within the scope of Hangzhou bypass expressway was "one core and many points",while the overall distribution of spatial form elements had no obvious law.The north side of Qiantang River had basically achieved full coverage of public transport facilities and the distribution is relatively uniform.The accessibility of the central area of the bypass expressway was higher than that of the marginal area.Among the external built environment factors,the key promoting factors of working days were building density,office facility density and average block height.The key promoting factors of rest day were location centrality and density of public transport facilities.Key factors contributing to holidays included location centrality,service facility density,road network density and road intersection density.Among the internal spatial quality factors,the key promoting factors of working days were water density,and the key promoting factors of rest days and holidays were density of cultural facilities,density of service facilities,vegetation coverage and terrain.Finally,based on the external representation of the spatial vitality of urban parks,this paper proposed strategies to improve the spatial vitality of urban parks from three aspects: protecting and maintaining "high vitality" parks,continuously optimizing "medium vitality" parks and focusing on improving "low vitality" parks.Based on the key influencing factors of the spatial vitality of urban parks,this paper put forward the key points for the construction of the spatial vitality of urban parks in the central district and suburban parks respectively,aiming at providing the basis and reference for the planning and design of urban parks in the future.