From The Perspective Of Historic Urban Public Park Research On Value Cognition Of Xingqing Palace Park(1958-2020)

With the improvement of heritage protection theory and the expansion of practice,modern heritage has gradually attracted the attention and attention of many countries.In 2017,the International Council on Monuments and Sites(ICOMOS)and the International Federation of Landscape Architects(IFLA)jointly issued the Document on Historic urban public parks.It means that the protection and development of "historic urban public park" has become a new focus of the international community in the field of modern heritage protection in recent years.The construction and development of modern and contemporary parks in China reflect the changes of Chinese politics,ideology,society,culture,technology and other background,Xingqing Palace Park designed and constructed by Xi ’an government in 1958 is a typical representative of the Xingqing Palace site.However,the renovation of Xingqing Palace Park carried out in 2021 did not pay attention to the heritage value of its historical park,resulting in the destruction of important value carriers.Therefore,it is of great scientific significance and practical value to sort out the value and carrier of Xingqing Palace Park(1958-2020)from the perspective of historic urban public park for the protection and renewal of urban parks constructed in the same period in China.This paper first combs the changes and development of the concepts of historical gardens abroad and historic parks in China,analyzes the differences between historical parks and historic parks and historic gardens by interpreting the Document on Historic urban public parks and relevant domestic and international charter documents,clarifies the value types and value factors of historic urban public parks,and builds the technological route of value cognition of historic urban public parks.Secondly,the construction and development process of Xingqing Palace Park from 1958 to 2020 is sorted out through literature research and field investigation,and the concept of "historic urban public park" is marked to clarify the heritage identity of Xingqing Palace Park.Then,according to the constructed technical route,the value and value carrier of Xingqing Palace Park are recognized and identified,and the value carrier of Xingqing Palace Park in the historical interval is summarized.Finally,the comparative analysis of spatial form is used to clarify the changes of various value carriers of Xingqing Palace Park before and after the renovation in 2021,and their impact on the value of Xingqing Palace Park.Based on the perspective of historic urban public parks,this paper constructs a technical route for recognizing the value of historic urban public parks,and makes it clear that Xingqing Palace Park from 1958 to 2020 is an historic urban public park with historical value,social value,aesthetic value and ecological value.The value factors include 9 aspects,such as the witness of major historical events and the commemoration of major historical figures.The value connotation is reflected in 21 aspects,such as the use of western geometric symmetry landscape axis,the spatial pattern of "North Palace South Garden",and the landscape layout of "one pool and three mountains".Through comparative analysis,it is confirmed that the renovation of Xingqing Palace Park in 2021 has caused damage to the value carrier of Xingqing Palace Park,and some of the damaged values and value carriers can no longer be repaired or restored.