Research On Indoor Environment Optimization Of Qiandongnan Dong Minority Dwellings Based On Natural Ventilation Strategy

Traditional residential buildings are local buildings that spontaneously evolve based on local terrain,climate,and indigenous lifestyles.These types of residential buildings have specific ecological strategies in adapting to local climate.Dong folk houses belong to one of the dry hurdle style folk houses in China.Southeast Guizhou is located in the the Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau,which is hot in summer and cold in winter.The rainfall is large and it is humid all the year round.Therefore,the houses in this area are often cold in winter and hot in summer.When constructing local Dong ethnic dwellings,more attention is paid to the insulation,ventilation,and dehumidification of the houses.Traditional dwellings have good ventilation conditions,and indoor air circulation can remove most of the indoor moisture,improving the indoor thermal environment.The Dong people’s houses in this area mainly use cedar wood as the construction material,and the overlapping of mortise and tenon joints,as well as the perennial drying shrinkage and swelling deformation of the wood,result in insufficient air tightness of the houses and a decrease in winter insulation performance.In addition,the widespread use of brick materials has changed the form of local Dong ethnic dwellings,improving the indoor thermal environment in winter while also bringing about the problem of indoor humidity in summer.Therefore,based on the natural ventilation strategy of Dong ethnic dwellings,exploring the environmental adaptation modes of local dwellings,adapting Dong ethnic drywall style dwellings to new functional needs,and improving the indoor thermal environment in winter and summer,has practical significance for improving the quality of life of indigenous people and protecting the architectural characteristics of the area.Based on the perspective of architecture,this study,through research methods such as literature reading,field surveys,and numerical simulation,from the aspects of architectural plane layout,section form,detailed practices,etc.,quantify the ventilation strategies of different types of Dai residences.The research content includes three parts.In the first part,through visiting and surveying surveys to investigate the Dong dwellings in the village,summarize the types and characteristics of the local Dai residences,and sort out its development model.Through the analysis and summary of the facade characteristics of different types of dwellings,the profile characteristics of the terrain,and the construction characteristics of the topographic,the selection of a typical form of a typical residential house with a more common local and higher recognition of residents is selected.In the second part,typical samples of Dong houses in southeast Qiandongnan were selected and the physical environment was measured and analyzed in winter and summer,supplemented by software simulation to study the indoor wind environment in winter and summer.Through the measured data of different samples and the results of simulated working conditions,the traditional houses and newly built houses were compared and analyzed.The natural ventilation strategy,the change law of indoor thermal environment and the existing shortcomings of Dong houses in southeast Qiandongnan were summarized.The third part summarizes the environmental adaptation model of Dong houses based on natural ventilation strategy in this area,applies the model to the optimization design of new Dong houses,analyzes the optimized space,structure and natural ventilation strategy,further simulates the optimized indoor wind environment,and verifies the feasibility and improvement effect of the model.Through the study of Dong folk houses from the perspective of architecture,this paper hopes to arouse the importance and protection of local villagers to their own culture,and traditional houses still need to rely on the spontaneous protection of local villagers.At the same time,it can also provide sustainable and green construction strategies for local governments and tourism developers to promote rural revitalization and development.