Research On The Village-level Implementation Of The River Head System In Nanning Based On The Theory Of Insititutional Adaptation

River head system is an important institutional innovation with Chinese characteristics in the field of water resources management.Since the inception of the river head system policy,four levels of river head system at the provincial,municipal,county and township levels have been rapidly established in all parts of China to compact the water control responsibilities of various regions,and remarkable achievements have been made in water shoreline protection,water pollution control and ecological restoration.However,with the extension of the river head system to the countryside,the governance effectiveness of the rural river head system is not prominent,and even there are "hot up and cold down" phenomena such as perfunctory and shelving.At present,the academic research on the river head system mainly focuses on the function,mechanism and diffusion of the policy itself.Few people pay attention to the actual implementation process of the river head system policy.As the bottom unit supporting the river head system,the research on the operation process of the river head system in the rural field is even rarer.Since 2022,the Central Committee of the Party and the Ministry of Water Resources have issued documents to vigorously encourage the river head system to achieve village-level extension,and require that the focus of cleaning up and renovation be shifted to small and medium-sized rivers and lakes in rural areas.Therefore,taking Nanning City as the research object,discussing the village-level implementation of the river head system is conducive to clarifying the contradictions of the grass-roots "water control" system and further finding effective ways to promote the implementation of policies,which is of certain significance to rural water pollution control and ecological revitalization.Based on the theory of institutional adaptation,this paper builds an analytical framework,and takes field interviews as the research method,selects 5 villages in Nanning City for social surveys,and systematically combs the main content,implementation,governance effectiveness and other village-level implementation status of the river head system in Nanning.Through empirical induction and theoretical analysis,it is found that there are four problems in the village-level implementation of the river head system in Nanning,namely,the shortage of rural resources,the formalism of the policy implementation process,the collective inaction of villagers,and the failure of organizational coordination.The root is that the main reason for the dilemma of the implementation of the river head system at the village level is the discomfort between the system rules and the rural situation,the implementation subject,the target group and the governance resources.Based on this,this paper draws on the practical experience of the innovation of the river head system in China,and puts forward countermeasures and suggestions to optimize the implementation of the river head system at the village level in Nanning.First,adjust measures to local conditions,strengthen the integration and innovation of the system in the rural context;The second is to strengthen the main quality and responsibility of grass-roots organizations by empowering them;Third,expand incentives and strengthen the willingness and means of participation of rural people;The fourth is to attract investment and strengthen the stock and distributability of grassroots resources.