Research On Planning And Layout Strategies Of Residential Areas In County Towns In China’s Central Subtropical Zone Based On Carbon Reduction Effect

Existing research has found that buildings consume 40% of the world’s energy and account for 30% of carbon emissions,with residential energy consumption contributing over 60% of the carbon emissions.In China’s subtropical region,the urbanization rate is high,with numerous residential areas in county towns.The climate in this region exhibits strong seasonal variations in solar radiation,wind,temperature,and humidity.By considering the climate characteristics and exploring low-carbon residential area design strategies from the planning and design perspective,it is possible to effectively promote the low-carbon development of residential areas in county towns within this climatic region.This study selects Quanzhou County in the northern part of Guangxi as a typical county town in the subtropical region and explores decarbonization strategies for residential areas in county towns from a planning and design perspective.Part 1: Through literature review,this section summarizes the relevant policies for low-carbon county towns and the current status and shortcomings of low-carbon residential areas.The study focuses on the residential areas in county towns in the subtropical region,understanding the climate characteristics of this region,and clarifying that this research belongs to the discussion level of microclimate.The main climate factors and their mechanisms that affect residential energy consumption are identified.Part 2: Quanzhou County is selected as a typical county town,and three types of typical residential areas are identified through on-site investigations: millennium residential communities,housing for institutional staff,and self-built houses by villagers.The indoor thermal environment levels of these three types of residential areas are observed on-site.Based on the measured data,key planning and design elements that affect residential energy consumption are verified and selected,including the layout form of the residential areas,building orientation,plot ratio,and building density.Part 3: Abstracting the scale and standard residential units of residential areas in Quanzhou County based on aerial photographs,three typical layout forms are identified:linear arrangement,enclosure arrangement,and free compact arrangement.Different design scenarios are established based on the selected building orientation,plot ratio,and building density planning indicators from the previous measurement section.Autodesk Ecotect analysis software is used for energy consumption simulation.Part 4: Quantitative comparative analysis of the energy consumption simulation results reveals that the energy consumption of free compact housing is higher than that of linear housing and enclosure housing.The total energy consumption level is lower when the building orientation is within 15° southward from east to west.The energy consumption per unit area of residential buildings decreases with increasing plot ratio,and there is a boundary effect when the plot ratio exceeds 2.46.The overall energy consumption of the residential area increases with increasing density,with the most gradual increase observed in the range of 20.48% to 27.30%.Part 5: Based on the measurement and simulation analysis results from sections 3and 4,combined with the characteristics of regional climate factors,the study proposes the general principle of energy-saving design,focusing on reducing cooling energy consumption in summer and auxiliary heating in winter.Planning and design strategies are proposed in terms of layout forms and density-related indicators.Finally,an energy consumption comparative analysis is conducted between a traditional design scheme and a low-carbon design scheme using an actual self-built residential site in Quanzhou County to verify the effectiveness of the design strategies.