A Study On The Genealogy Of Traditional Hakka Houses In Guangxi

Hakka is a distinct Han ethnic group,which has formed a distinctive residential model after a long period of adaptation and reconstruction.Compared to the Hakka "core areas" such as northern Guangdong,western Fujian,and southern Jiangxi,Guangxi,as the carrier of the fourth and fifth batch of Hakka migration,plays the role of the Hakka "peripheral area",and its traditional residential buildings have unique manifestations due to cultural changes.However,current research is limited to a scenario overview of typical cases,failing to comprehensively sort out the relationship network of the evolution of traditional residential forms from a macro level,and deeply interpret the laws of regional differentiation and temporal evolution,resulting in a one-sided understanding of Hakka culture and a rupture of regional cultural connections.Genealogy can solve existing research problems by comprehensively processing various differential elements and constructing a network of relationships between types from both temporal and spatial dimensions.This paper takes the research on the pedigree of traditional Hakka houses in Guangxi as the main line and guidance,and with the help of architectural typology and cultural geography and other discipline theories and methods,takes the main residential areas of Hakka in Guangxi as the research scope,adds atypical and unrated traditional residential samples on the basis of typical and rated samples,and constructs a sample database of 384 Hakka traditional residential buildings in Guangxi.Based on data,this study focuses on the three modules of "Construction and Characteristic Analysis of Residential Type System-Spatial Distribution and Evolution Law-Formation Mechanism of Genealogy",sorts out the type characteristics and their genealogical relationships,and excavates the formation mechanism,in order to explore the regional differences and evolutionary temporal characteristics of Hakka dwellings in Guangxi.Firstly,from the perspective of architectural typology,a classification system for Guangxi Hakka was constructed and the characteristics and internal correlations of each type were analyzed.From the perspective of the development and combination logic of types,a classification system of four levels was constructed: M1 basic type,M2 combination type,M3 composite type,and M4 enclosed settlement type.The characteristics of large types and their subtypes were briefly described through case studies,and the internal correlation of residential types was explored from five attribute characteristics: relative scale,organizational structure,centripetal orientation,enclosure,and spatial axis.Secondly,from the perspective of cultural geography,it explores the spatial distribution and evolution of the types of folk houses.Explore the spatial distribution of middle class and subtypes using 384 samples of residential latitude and longitude coordinates,and use standard deviation ellipses to explore the spatial evolution direction of residential types.The study found that the regional similarities and differences in the spatial dimension are manifested in the pedigree that the southeast of Guangxi basically continued the residential structure of "etiquette led,residential subordination",and under this overall constraint,it was adjusted according to the actual construction process,and evolved different types of folk houses in scale and form,while in the southwest of Guangxi,it suddenly changed into small courtyard style and townhouse style folk houses with single buildings;In the temporal dimension of development,the chronological lineage manifests as the evolution of residential scale from large to small,and the form from closed to open.Once again,analyze the continuation,evolution,mutation,and evolutionary formation mechanism of lineage evolution.Under the influence of the inheritance of patriarchal clan structure,experience based construction technology,and migration routes,the Southeast Guangxi region has continued the large family settlement model;The geographical environment is a key factor affecting the regional differentiation of residential forms.Climate conditions affect the length and width of courtyards and the combination of residential forms,terrain and topography affect the scale of residential buildings,and differences in administrative management and relocation sites have an impact on the evolution of residential forms.Under the evolution of historical conditions,the scale of residential buildings has decreased with the weakening of the patriarchal structure,and the organizational form has changed from closed to open with the stability of society.Research can help to form a systematic understanding of the emergence and development of traditional Hakka dwellings in Guangxi,enhance typological associations,and supplement new methods and approaches from a genealogical perspective for the study of traditional Hakka dwellings in Guangxi.